[PATCH v3 00/16] tracing/filters: Fix event filter parsing and matching bugs

["Masami Hiramatsu (Google)" <mhiramat@kernel.org>]

Hi,

Here is the 3rd version of fixes for various bugs in the trace event
filter parser and predicate evaluation in kernel/trace/trace_events_filter.c,
along with a new ftracetest test case covering filter syntax checks.

The previous version is here:
 https://lore.kernel.org/all/179291742944.492959.11659339795290028998.stgit@devnote2

This version splitted some combined patches into dedicated patches, dropped a
wrong patch, and introduced 5 new patches to fix wrong error position reported
in error_log (this is required to fix syntax test failures).

Changes in v3:
[01/16]
 - Split zero-length string underflow and out-of-bounds fix from
   fixed-size string matching.
 - Return 0 immediately if "len <= r->len" in regex_match_end()
   without scanning the string.
[02/16]
 - Split from zero-length string fix into a dedicated patch.
 - Introduce regex_match_end_str() for fixed-size buffers and assign
   it in parse_pred() for FILTER_COMM and FILTER_STATIC_STRING, avoiding
   strnlen() overhead for dynamic and pointer strings in regex_match_end().
[06/16] ([05/09] in v2)
 - Check if str[i] is NUL immediately after skipping whitespace after
   the operator in parse_pred() across all event types, as suggested
   by Steven Rostedt.
[07/16] ([05/09] in v2)
 - Fix quoted operand parsing in function event filter.
 - Allow empty quoted operand ("") as valid syntax per Steven Rostedt.
[08/16] ([05/09] in v2)
 - Reject empty unquoted operands (!q && !len) in function events.
[09/16] ([05/09] in v2)
 - Reject stray quotes and '(' in unquoted function event operands.
([06/09] in v2)
 - Dropped.
[11/16]
 - Introduce filter_check_newline() to convert the first newline to
   NUL and reject any non-whitespace characters after the newline with
   an invalid input error (-EINVAL).
[12/16]
 - Group parser error position fixes targeting commit 80765597bc58 into
   a single patch: pass 'next - str' in predicate_parse(), pass
   'pos + field_pos' for FIELD_NOT_FOUND and IP_FIELD_ONLY, pass
   'pos + op_pos' for string/numeric operator validation and NOP checks,
   and update tracing-error-log.tc to match the corrected error position.
[13/16]
 - Newly added patch to fix error position for function filter
   operations targeting commit e6745a4da964, passing 'pos + fn_pos' for
   ILLEGAL_FIELD_OP and 'pos + op_pos' for INVALID_OP.
[14/16]
 - Group error position fixes for CPUS mask parsing targeting commits
   39f7c41c908b and 3cbec9d7b93d into a single patch: check 'str[i] != '{''
   before incrementing 'i', and pass 'pos + op_pos' for CPUS operator and
   comparison function selection checks.
[15/16]
 - Newly added patch to fix error position for within filter operator
   check targeting commit 7884b0bf098c, passing 'pos + op_pos' for
   GLOB_WITHIN.
[16/16]
 - Replace negated pipelines (! cmd) with explicit
   "if cmd; then exit_fail; fi" checks to properly catch unexpected success
   under POSIX sh with set -e, as pointed out by Sashiko.
 - Update expected error caret positions to reflect corrected 0-based
   indexing from predicate_parse(), FIELD_NOT_FOUND, operator checks,
   and CPUS brace checks.
 - Add test cases for empty strings, out-of-range CPU IDs, missing operands,
   empty operands, type mismatches, brace errors, function event filters
   (including INVALID_OP and ILLEGAL_FIELD_OP caret checks), and multi-line
   newline validation.

Summary of the patches:

- [01/16] Fix regex_match_end() for zero-length strings by returning 0
  immediately when "len <= r->len".
- [02/16] Introduce regex_match_end_str() with strnlen() for fixed-size
  string fields (FILTER_COMM, FILTER_STATIC_STRING) in parse_pred().
- [03/16] Fix process_system_preds() so that "fail" is only cleared when
  at least one event in the subsystem succeeds, and use
  delay_free_filter() when freeing replaced filters on error paths.
- [04/16] Return "pred->op == OP_NE" when "cpu >= nr_cpu_ids" in
  DEFINE_CPUMASK_COMPARISON_PRED so "!=" against a cpumask evaluates to
  true for out-of-range CPU numbers.
- [05/16] Ensure parse_error() is called on all -EINVAL error paths in
  parse_pred(), predicate_parse(), and process_preds() instead of
  leaving lasterr as 0 ("Error: (0)").
- [06/16] Check if str[i] is NUL immediately after operator whitespace
  in parse_pred() to prevent out-of-bounds reads on missing operands.
- [07/16] Fix quoted operand parsing in function event filters, check for
  missing quotes, and advance past closing quotes.
- [08/16] Reject empty unquoted operands in function event filters.
- [09/16] Reject stray quotes and '(' in unquoted function event operands.
- [10/16] Reject unsupported field sizes in parse_pred() when
  select_comparison_fn() or CPUS{} size matching leaves pred->fn_num as
  FILTER_PRED_FN_NOP, avoiding a kernel warning in update_pred_fn().
- [11/16] Convert the first newline to NUL and reject multi-line input
  containing non-whitespace characters after the newline in
  create_filter_start(), apply_event_filter(), and
  apply_subsystem_event_filter().
- [12/16] Fix parser error positions for base filter expressions
  (predicate_parse(), FIELD_NOT_FOUND, IP_FIELD_ONLY, string/numeric
  operators), and update tracing-error-log.tc.
- [13/16] Pass 'pos + fn_pos' for ILLEGAL_FIELD_OP and 'pos + op_pos' for
  INVALID_OP in function filter operations in parse_pred().
- [14/16] Pass 'pos + op_pos' for CPUS operator checks and check
  'str[i] != '{'' before incrementing 'i' for MISSING_BRACE_OPEN.
- [15/16] Pass 'pos + op_pos' for GLOB_WITHIN when '~' is used with a
  'within' filter.
- [16/16] Add filter-syntax-check.tc to ftrace selftests to test valid
  filters, syntax error diagnostics and caret positions, multi-line
  input validation, and subsystem filter error returns.

Notes:

- These bugs were identified and the fixes and cover letter were
prepared with the assistance of an LLM coding assistant.

Thank you,

---
base-commit: 1fdc4164e488916402badddbb1f51e9380dabb91

Masami Hiramatsu (Google) (16):
      tracing/filters: Fix regex_match_end() for zero-length strings
      tracing/filters: Fix MATCH_END_ONLY regex matching for fixed-size strings
      tracing/filters: Fix false success return in process_system_preds()
      tracing/filters: Handle out-of-range CPU for OP_NE in cpumask comparison
      tracing/filters: Report parse error on all -EINVAL paths in filter parsing
      tracing/filters: Check for missing operand after operator in parse_pred()
      tracing/filters: Fix quoted operand parsing in function event filter
      tracing/filters: Reject empty unquoted operand in function event filter
      tracing/filters: Reject stray quotes and parentheses in unquoted function event operand
      tracing/filters: Reject unsupported field sizes in parse_pred()
      tracing/filters: Check for trailing characters after newline in filter string
      tracing/filters: Fix error positions in filter parser
      tracing/filters: Fix error position for function filter operations
      tracing/filters: Fix error positions for CPUS mask parsing
      tracing/filters: Fix error position for within filter operator check
      selftests/ftrace: Add event filter syntax check test case


 kernel/trace/trace_events_filter.c                 |  171 ++++++++++++++++----
 .../ftrace/test.d/filter/filter-syntax-check.tc    |  100 ++++++++++++
 .../ftrace/test.d/ftrace/tracing-error-log.tc      |    2 
 3 files changed, 240 insertions(+), 33 deletions(-)
 create mode 100644 tools/testing/selftests/ftrace/test.d/filter/filter-syntax-check.tc

--
Masami Hiramatsu (Google) <mhiramat@kernel.org>