From mboxrd@z Thu Jan 1 00:00:00 1970 Received: from mail-m49221.qiye.163.com (mail-m49221.qiye.163.com [45.254.49.221]) (using TLSv1.2 with cipher ECDHE-RSA-AES256-GCM-SHA384 (256/256 bits)) (No client certificate requested) by smtp.subspace.kernel.org (Postfix) with ESMTPS id B42412D238F for ; Thu, 25 Jun 2026 04:36:30 +0000 (UTC) Authentication-Results: smtp.subspace.kernel.org; arc=none smtp.client-ip=45.254.49.221 ARC-Seal:i=1; a=rsa-sha256; d=subspace.kernel.org; s=arc-20240116; t=1782362194; cv=none; b=iCRsslEPOF3OKLGmMq/fJI4byZV9NZhLP6yV3ei/GU/En1YigH8qcSugSwsniq+Y0yHlyGGG8ih2ARwsn1R8qz8yXetZHOQM5kwg3/SyLg/kCnYC6+fNj9aP5KXDXIH+B/jGmpTi4agP/pi+n2VuX4RJ88fvIz7IRXldvrvwlzE= ARC-Message-Signature:i=1; a=rsa-sha256; d=subspace.kernel.org; s=arc-20240116; t=1782362194; c=relaxed/simple; bh=5t7QliFwxQ2C1/H6qDimOWsK6D2p2H3SAWw+QiFzHAg=; h=From:To:Cc:Subject:Date:Message-Id:In-Reply-To:References: MIME-Version; b=HakohBu6OFAcHZOYw128DB94icQNTlKpi8wYa/Vrl/LN4nJnsuawORV//snsnOvI7T/2WS+uEmSUPiF8WEdS9fdNmobmSmC0yZFcUmVuzOXs3Mk10eSuVDgwvXSAegVO2nmWg5DWa0DoeIhjKgjEGyyd2ZWYJsxcfiHOh98BfWk= ARC-Authentication-Results:i=1; smtp.subspace.kernel.org; dmarc=pass (p=none dis=none) header.from=easystack.cn; spf=pass smtp.mailfrom=easystack.cn; arc=none smtp.client-ip=45.254.49.221 Authentication-Results: smtp.subspace.kernel.org; dmarc=pass (p=none dis=none) header.from=easystack.cn Authentication-Results: smtp.subspace.kernel.org; spf=pass smtp.mailfrom=easystack.cn Received: from localhost.localdomain (unknown [218.94.118.90]) by smtp.qiye.163.com (Hmail) with ESMTP id 1bdf898b9; Thu, 25 Jun 2026 12:31:18 +0800 (GMT+08:00) From: Zhen Ni To: akpm@linux-foundation.org, vbabka@kernel.org Cc: surenb@google.com, mhocko@suse.com, jackmanb@google.com, hannes@cmpxchg.org, ziy@nvidia.com, linux-mm@kvack.org, linux-kernel@vger.kernel.org, Zhen Ni Subject: [PATCH v11 4/4] mm/page_owner: document page_owner filter Date: Thu, 25 Jun 2026 12:31:01 +0800 Message-Id: <20260625043101.338794-5-zhen.ni@easystack.cn> X-Mailer: git-send-email 2.20.1 In-Reply-To: <20260625043101.338794-1-zhen.ni@easystack.cn> References: <20260625043101.338794-1-zhen.ni@easystack.cn> Precedence: bulk X-Mailing-List: linux-kernel@vger.kernel.org List-Id: List-Subscribe: List-Unsubscribe: MIME-Version: 1.0 Content-Transfer-Encoding: 8bit X-HM-Tid: 0a9efd0bee570229kunm7d49e2638b50f X-HM-MType: 1 X-HM-Spam-Status: e1kfGhgUHx5ZQUpXWQgPGg8OCBgUHx5ZQUlOS1dZFg8aDwILHllBWSg2Ly tZV1koWUFJQjdXWRgWCB1ZQUpXWS1ZQUlXWQ8JGhUIEh9ZQVlCHx5CVk1IQkoZGhpOGhkYTlYVFA kWGhdVGRETFhoSFyQUDg9ZV1kYEgtZQVlJSkNVQk9VSkpDVUJLWVdZFhoPEhUdFFlBWU9LSFVKS0 lPT09IVUpLS1VKQktLWQY+ Add documentation for the page_owner_filter userspace tool and kernel-level filtering features. Signed-off-by: Zhen Ni --- Changes in v11: - No changes Changes in v10: - No changes Changes in v9: - No changes Changes in v8: - Fix Sphinx double colon warning Changes in v7: - document for per-file-descriptor implementation Changes in v6: - No code changes Changes in v5: - No code changes Changes in v4: - Update print_mode documentation to reflect string-based interface * Change from "0/1" to "full_stack"/"stack_handle" * Add bracket notation example: "[full_stack] stack_handle" - Update NUMA filter documentation * Remove "-1" example * Add empty string as clear method - Fix indentation: use tabs instead of spaces in code examples Changes in v3: - New patch to document filter features as requested by Andrew Morton v10: https://lore.kernel.org/linux-mm/20260618035750.3724613-5-zhen.ni@easystack.cn/ v9: https://lore.kernel.org/linux-mm/20260525081652.2210206-5-zhen.ni@easystack.cn/ v8: https://lore.kernel.org/linux-mm/20260520075641.1931080-5-zhen.ni@easystack.cn/ v7: https://lore.kernel.org/linux-mm/20260515091942.1535677-5-zhen.ni@easystack.cn/ v6: https://lore.kernel.org/linux-mm/20260511033017.747781-4-zhen.ni@easystack.cn/ v5: https://lore.kernel.org/linux-mm/20260507064643.179187-4-zhen.ni@easystack.cn/ v4: https://lore.kernel.org/linux-mm/20260430163247.13628-4-zhen.ni@easystack.cn/ v3: https://lore.kernel.org/linux-mm/20260428071112.1420380-5-zhen.ni@easystack.cn/ --- Documentation/mm/page_owner.rst | 77 ++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++- 1 file changed, 75 insertions(+), 2 deletions(-) diff --git a/Documentation/mm/page_owner.rst b/Documentation/mm/page_owner.rst index 6b12f3b007ec..383e59c42743 100644 --- a/Documentation/mm/page_owner.rst +++ b/Documentation/mm/page_owner.rst @@ -65,7 +65,14 @@ un-tracking state. Usage ===== -1) Build user-space helper:: +1) Build user-space helpers:: + +To filter page_owner output: + + cd tools/mm + make page_owner_filter + +To sort and analyze page_owner output: cd tools/mm make page_owner_sort @@ -74,7 +81,11 @@ Usage 3) Do the job that you want to debug. -4) Analyze information from page owner:: +4) (Optional) Filter page_owner output:: + + ./page_owner_filter -m handle -n 0,1,2 > filtered_page_owner.txt + +5) Analyze information from page owner:: cat /sys/kernel/debug/page_owner_stacks/show_stacks > stacks.txt cat stacks.txt @@ -263,3 +274,65 @@ STANDARD FORMAT SPECIFIERS f free whether the page has been released or not st stacktrace stack trace of the page allocation ator allocator memory allocator for pages + +Filtering page_owner output +============================ + +page_owner supports filtering output at the kernel level before reading, +which reduces the amount of data that needs to be processed in userspace. + +The page_owner_filter tool provides a convenient interface for this filtering +capability. It supports two types of filters: + +1. **print_mode filter**: Control what information is printed for each page + - ``stack``: Print full stack traces (default, compatible with existing usage) + - ``handle``: Print only stack handle numbers (much faster, smaller output) + - ``stack_handle``: Print both stack traces and handle numbers + + The ``handle`` mode uses numeric identifiers instead of full stack traces. + The mapping from handles to actual stack traces can be obtained via the + show_stacks_handles interface. + +2. **NUMA node filter**: Filter pages by NUMA node ID + - Supports single node: ``-n 0`` + - Multiple nodes: ``-n 0,1,2`` + - Ranges: ``-n 0-3`` + - Mixed format: ``-n 0,2-3,5`` + +Usage examples:: + + # Filter by print mode + ./page_owner_filter -m handle + ./page_owner_filter -m stack_handle + + # Filter by NUMA node + ./page_owner_filter -n 0 + ./page_owner_filter -n 0-3 + + # Combined filters + ./page_owner_filter -m stack -n 0,1,2 + ./page_owner_filter -m handle -n 0,2-3 + + # Save to file + ./page_owner_filter -m handle -o filtered_output.txt + +The handle mode is particularly useful for monitoring and performance-critical +scenarios as it dramatically reduces output size. Testing shows handle mode can +reduce output size by ~66% (84MB vs 244MB) and improve read performance by ~4.4x +compared to full stack output. + +The NUMA node filter is useful for NUMA-aware memory allocation analysis and debugging. + +Behind the scenes, page_owner_filter opens /sys/kernel/debug/page_owner and +writes filter commands before reading the filtered output. The filtering uses +per-file-descriptor state, allowing each open() to have independent filter settings. + +Each file descriptor maintains its own filter state, so you can have multiple +independent filtering operations running concurrently. For example, in different +terminals you can run different filters simultaneously:: + + # Terminal 1: Filter node 0 + ./page_owner_filter -n 0 > node0_output.txt + + # Terminal 2: Filter node 1 (runs concurrently) + ./page_owner_filter -n 1 > node1_output.txt -- 2.20.1