From: Jim Cromie via B4 Relay <devnull+jim.cromie.gmail.com@kernel.org>
To: Jason Baron <jbaron@akamai.com>, Shuah Khan <shuah@kernel.org>,
Maarten Lankhorst <maarten.lankhorst@linux.intel.com>,
Maxime Ripard <mripard@kernel.org>,
Thomas Zimmermann <tzimmermann@suse.de>,
David Airlie <airlied@gmail.com>,
Simona Vetter <simona@ffwll.ch>, Arnd Bergmann <arnd@arndb.de>,
Luis Chamberlain <mcgrof@kernel.org>,
Petr Pavlu <petr.pavlu@suse.com>,
Daniel Gomez <da.gomez@kernel.org>,
Sami Tolvanen <samitolvanen@google.com>,
Aaron Tomlin <atomlin@atomlin.com>,
Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>,
Jonathan Corbet <corbet@lwn.net>,
Shuah Khan <skhan@linuxfoundation.org>,
Greg Kroah-Hartman <gregkh@linuxfoundation.org>,
Nathan Chancellor <nathan@kernel.org>,
Nicolas Schier <nsc@kernel.org>
Cc: linux-kernel@vger.kernel.org, linux-kselftest@vger.kernel.org,
dri-devel@lists.freedesktop.org, linux-arch@vger.kernel.org,
linux-modules@vger.kernel.org, linux-doc@vger.kernel.org,
linux-kbuild@vger.kernel.org, Jim Cromie <jim.cromie@gmail.com>,
Louis Chauvet <louis.chauvet@bootlin.com>
Subject: [PATCH v8 36/43] dyndbg: resolve "protection" of class'd pr_debug
Date: Sat, 05 Sep 2026 12:13:50 -0600 [thread overview]
Message-ID: <20260905-dd-cmap-part2-clean-v8-36-a4cc0674f6fd@gmail.com> (raw)
In-Reply-To: <20260905-dd-cmap-part2-clean-v8-0-a4cc0674f6fd@gmail.com>
From: Jim Cromie <jim.cromie@gmail.com>
classmap-v1 code protected class'd pr_debugs from unintended
changes by unclassed/_DFLT queries:
# - to declutter examples:
alias ddcmd='echo $* > /proc/dynamic_debug/control'
# IOW, this should NOT alter drm.debug settings
ddcmd -p
# Instead, you must name the class to change it.
# Protective but tedious
ddcmd class DRM_UT_CORE +p
# Or do it the (old school) subsystem way
# This is ABI !!
echo 1 > /sys/module/drm/parameters/debug
Since the debug sysfs-node is ABI, if dyndbg is going to implement it,
it must also honor its settings; it must at least protect against
accidental changes to its classes from legacy queries.
The protection allows all previously conceived queries to work the way
they always have; ie select the same set of pr_debugs, despite the
inclusion of whole new classes of pr_debugs.
But that choice has 2 downsides:
1. "name the class to change it" makes a tedious long-winded
interface, needing many commands to set DRM_UT_* one at a time.
2. It makes the class keyword special in some sense; the other
keywords skip only on query mismatch, otherwise the code falls thru to
adjust the pr-debug site.
Jason Baron didn't like v1 on point 2.
Louis Chauvet didn't like recent rev on point 1 tedium.
But that said: /sys/ is ABI, so this must be reliable:
#> echo 0x1f > /sys/module/drm/parameters/debug
It 'just works' without dyndbg underneath; we must deliver that same
stability. Convenience is secondary.
The new resolution:
If ABI is the blocking issue, then no ABI means no blocking issue.
IOW, if the classmap has no presence under /sys/*, ie no PARAM, there
is no ABI to guard, and no reason to enforce a tedious interface.
In the future, if DRM wants to alter this protection, that is
practical, but I think default-on is the correct mode.
So atm classes without a PARAM are unprotected at >control, allowing
admins their shortcuts. I think this could satisfy all viewpoints.
That said, theres also a possibility of wildcard classes:
#> ddcmd class '*' +p
Currently, the query-class is exact-matched against each module's
classmaps.names. This gives precise behavior, a good basis.
But class wildcards are possible, they just did'nt appear useful for
DRM, whose classmap names are a flat DRM_UT_* namespace.
IOW, theres no useful selectivity there:
#> ddcmd class "DRM_*" +p # these enable every DRM_* class
#> ddcmd class "DRM_UT_*" +p
#> ddcmd class "DRM_UT_V*" +p # finally select just 1: DRM_UT_VBL
#> ddcmd class "DRM_UT_D*" +p # but this gets 3
#> ddcmd class "D*V*" +p # here be dragons
But there is debatable utility in the feature.
#> ddcmd class __DEFAULT__ -p # what about this ?
#> ddcmd -p # thats what this does. automatically
Anyway, this patch does:
1. adds link field from _ddebug_class_map to the .controlling_param
2. sets it in ddebug_match_apply_kparam(), during modprobe/init,
when options like drm.debug=VAL are handled.
3. ddebug_class_has_param() now checks .controlling_param
4. ddebug_class_wants_protection() macro renames 3.
this frames it as a separable policy decision
5. ddebug_match_desc() gets the most attention:
a. move classmap consideration to the bottom
this insures all other constraints act 1st.
allows simpler 'final' decisions.
b. split class choices cleanly on query:
class FOO vs none, and class'd vs _DPRINTK_CLASS_DFLT site.
c. calls 4 when applying a class-less query to a class'd pr_debug
here we need a new fn to find the classmap with this .class_id
d. calls new ddebug_find_classmap_by_class_id().
when class-less query looks at a class'd pr_debug.
finds classmap, which can then decide, currently by PARAM existence.
NOTES:
protection is only against class-less queries, explicit "class FOO"
adjustments are allowed (that is the mechanism).
The drm.debug sysfs-node heavily under-specifies the class'd pr_debugs
it controls; none of the +mfls prefixing flags have any effect, and
each callsite remains individually controllable. drm.debug just
toggles the +p flag for all the modules' class'd pr_debugs.
Signed-off-by: Jim Cromie <jim.cromie@gmail.com>
Reviewed-by: Louis Chauvet <louis.chauvet@bootlin.com>
---
v2: RvB after SoB
old-v12
minor fixup after squashing subsequent commits to previous ones
---
include/linux/dynamic_debug.h | 14 ++-
lib/dynamic_debug.c | 130 +++++++++++++++++----
.../selftests/dynamic_debug/dyndbg_selftest.sh | 4 +-
3 files changed, 121 insertions(+), 27 deletions(-)
diff --git a/include/linux/dynamic_debug.h b/include/linux/dynamic_debug.h
index a740b3fabc09..d00605ef651e 100644
--- a/include/linux/dynamic_debug.h
+++ b/include/linux/dynamic_debug.h
@@ -92,6 +92,7 @@ enum ddebug_class_map_type {
* map @class_names 0..N to consecutive constants starting at @base.
*/
struct ddebug_class_map {
+ struct ddebug_class_param *controlling_param;
const struct module *mod; /* NULL for builtins */
const char *mod_name; /* needed for builtins */
const char **class_names;
@@ -299,7 +300,12 @@ struct ddebug_class_param {
*
* Creates a sysfs-param to control the classes defined by the
* exported classmap, with bits 0..N-1 mapped to the classes named.
- * This version keeps class-state in a private long int.
+ *
+ * Since sysfs-params are ABI, this also protects the classmap'd
+ * pr_debugs from un-class'd `echo -p > /proc/dynamic_debug/control`
+ * changes.
+ *
+ * This keeps class-state in a private long int.
*/
#define DYNAMIC_DEBUG_CLASSMAP_PARAM(_name, _var, _flags) \
static u32 _name##_bvec; \
@@ -312,10 +318,8 @@ struct ddebug_class_param {
* @_var: name of the (exported) classmap var defining the classes/bits
* @_flags: flags to be toggled, typically just 'p'
*
- * Creates a sysfs-param to control the classes defined by the
- * exported clasmap, with bits 0..N-1 mapped to the classes named.
- * This version keeps class-state in user @_bits. This lets drm check
- * __drm_debug elsewhere too.
+ * Like DYNAMIC_DEBUG_CLASSMAP_PARAM, but maintains param-state in
+ * extern @_bits. This lets DRM check __drm_debug elsewhere too.
*/
#define DYNAMIC_DEBUG_CLASSMAP_PARAM_REF(_name, _bits, _var, _flags) \
__DYNAMIC_DEBUG_CLASSMAP_PARAM(_name, _bits, _var, _flags)
diff --git a/lib/dynamic_debug.c b/lib/dynamic_debug.c
index 93a5a481c8b8..a5d813ad323a 100644
--- a/lib/dynamic_debug.c
+++ b/lib/dynamic_debug.c
@@ -71,6 +71,10 @@ struct flag_settings {
unsigned int mask;
};
+static bool ddebug_class_map_in_range(const int class_id,
+ const struct ddebug_class_map *map);
+static bool ddebug_class_user_in_range(const int class_id,
+ const struct ddebug_class_user *user);
static DEFINE_MUTEX(ddebug_lock);
static LIST_HEAD(ddebug_tables);
static int verbose;
@@ -200,6 +204,46 @@ static struct ddebug_class_map *ddebug_find_valid_class(struct _ddebug_info cons
return NULL;
}
+
+
+static struct ddebug_class_map *
+ddebug_find_map_by_class_id(struct _ddebug_info *di, int class_id)
+{
+ struct ddebug_class_map *map;
+ struct ddebug_class_user *cli;
+ int i;
+
+ for_subvec(i, map, di, maps)
+ if (ddebug_class_map_in_range(class_id, map))
+ return map;
+
+ for_subvec(i, cli, di, users)
+ if (ddebug_class_user_in_range(class_id, cli))
+ return cli->map;
+
+ return NULL;
+}
+
+/*
+ * classmaps-V1 protected classes from changes by legacy commands
+ * (those selecting _DPRINTK_CLASS_DFLT by omission). This had the
+ * downside that saying "class FOO" for every change can get tedious.
+ *
+ * V2 is smarter, it protects class-maps if the defining module also
+ * calls DYNAMIC_DEBUG_CLASSMAP_PARAM to create a sysfs parameter.
+ * Since the author wants the knob, we should assume they intend to
+ * use it (in preference to "class FOO +p" >control), and want to
+ * trust its settings. This gives protection when its useful, and not
+ * when its just tedious.
+ */
+static inline bool ddebug_class_has_param(const struct ddebug_class_map *map)
+{
+ return !!(map->controlling_param);
+}
+
+/* re-framed as a policy choice */
+#define ddebug_class_wants_protection(map) (ddebug_class_has_param(map))
+
/*
* Search the tables for _ddebug's which match the given `query' and
* apply the `flags' and `mask' to them. Returns number of matching
@@ -208,11 +252,10 @@ static struct ddebug_class_map *ddebug_find_valid_class(struct _ddebug_info cons
*/
static bool ddebug_match_desc(const struct ddebug_query *query,
struct _ddebug *dp,
- int valid_class)
+ struct _ddebug_info *di,
+ int selected_class)
{
- /* match site against query-class */
- if (dp->class_id != valid_class)
- return false;
+ struct ddebug_class_map *site_map;
/* match against the source filename */
if (query->filename &&
@@ -256,7 +299,28 @@ static bool ddebug_match_desc(const struct ddebug_query *query,
dp->lineno > query->last_lineno)
return false;
- return true;
+ /*
+ * above are all satisfied, so we can make final decisions:
+ * 1- class FOO or implied class __DEFAULT__
+ * 2- site.is_classed or not
+ */
+ if (query->class_string) {
+ /* class FOO given, exact match required */
+ return (dp->class_id == selected_class);
+ }
+ /* query class __DEFAULT__ by omission. */
+ if (dp->class_id == _DPRINTK_CLASS_DFLT) {
+ /* un-classed site */
+ return true;
+ }
+ /* site is class'd */
+ site_map = ddebug_find_map_by_class_id(di, dp->class_id);
+ if (!site_map) {
+ WARN_ONCE(1, "unknown class_id %d, check %s's CLASSMAP definitions", dp->class_id, di->mod_name);
+ return false;
+ }
+ /* module(-param) decides protection */
+ return !ddebug_class_wants_protection(site_map);
}
static int ddebug_change(const struct ddebug_query *query, struct flag_settings *modifiers)
@@ -266,13 +330,13 @@ static int ddebug_change(const struct ddebug_query *query, struct flag_settings
unsigned int newflags;
unsigned int nfound = 0;
struct flagsbuf fbuf, nbuf;
- struct ddebug_class_map *map = NULL;
- int valid_class;
+ int selected_class;
/* search for matching ddebugs */
mutex_lock(&ddebug_lock);
list_for_each_entry(dt, &ddebug_tables, link) {
struct _ddebug_info *di = &dt->info;
+ struct ddebug_class_map *mods_map;
/* match against the module name */
if (query->module &&
@@ -280,20 +344,18 @@ static int ddebug_change(const struct ddebug_query *query, struct flag_settings
!match_wildcard_hyphen(query->module, kbasename(di->mod_name)))
continue;
+ selected_class = _DPRINTK_CLASS_DFLT;
if (query->class_string) {
- map = ddebug_find_valid_class(&dt->info, query->class_string,
- &valid_class);
- if (!map)
+ mods_map = ddebug_find_valid_class(di, query->class_string,
+ &selected_class);
+ if (!mods_map)
continue;
- } else {
- /* constrain query, do not touch class'd callsites */
- valid_class = _DPRINTK_CLASS_DFLT;
}
for (i = 0; i < di->descs.len; i++) {
struct _ddebug *dp = &di->descs.start[i];
- if (!ddebug_match_desc(query, dp, valid_class))
+ if (!ddebug_match_desc(query, dp, di, selected_class))
continue;
nfound++;
@@ -1147,7 +1209,6 @@ static bool ddebug_class_user_in_range(const int class_id, const struct ddebug_c
return false;
return ddebug_class_map_in_range(class_id - user->offset, user->map);
}
-
static const char *ddebug_class_name(struct _ddebug_info *di, struct _ddebug *dp)
{
struct ddebug_class_map *map;
@@ -1298,16 +1359,25 @@ static void ddebug_sync_classbits(const struct kernel_param *kp, const char *mod
}
}
-static void ddebug_match_apply_kparam(const struct kernel_param *kp,
- const struct ddebug_class_map *map,
- const char *mod_name)
+static struct ddebug_class_param *
+ddebug_get_classmap_kparam(const struct kernel_param *kp,
+ const struct ddebug_class_map *map)
{
struct ddebug_class_param *dcp;
if (kp->ops != ¶m_ops_dyndbg_classes)
- return;
+ return NULL;
dcp = (struct ddebug_class_param *)kp->arg;
+ return (map == dcp->map)
+ ? dcp : (struct ddebug_class_param *)NULL;
+}
+
+static void ddebug_match_apply_kparam(const struct kernel_param *kp,
+ struct ddebug_class_map *map,
+ const char *mod_name)
+{
+ struct ddebug_class_param *dcp = ddebug_get_classmap_kparam(kp, map);
if (dcp && dcp->map == map) {
v2pr_info(" kp:%s.%s =0x%x", mod_name, kp->name, *dcp->bits);
@@ -1316,7 +1386,7 @@ static void ddebug_match_apply_kparam(const struct kernel_param *kp,
}
}
-static void ddebug_apply_params(const struct ddebug_class_map *cm, const char *mod_name)
+static void ddebug_apply_params(struct ddebug_class_map *cm, const char *mod_name)
{
const struct kernel_param *kp;
@@ -1339,6 +1409,26 @@ static void ddebug_apply_params(const struct ddebug_class_map *cm, const char *m
}
}
+#if 0
+/*
+ * called from add_module, ie early. it can find controlling kparams,
+ * which can/does? enable protection of this classmap from class-less
+ * queries, on the grounds that the user created the kparam, means to
+ * use it, and expects it to reflect reality. We should oblige him,
+ * and protect those classmaps from classless "-p" changes.
+ */
+static void ddebug_apply_class_maps(const struct _ddebug_info *di)
+{
+ struct ddebug_class_map *cm;
+ int i;
+
+ for_subvec(i, cm, di, maps)
+ ddebug_apply_params(cm, cm->mod_name);
+
+ v2pr_di_info(di, "attached %d class-maps to ", i);
+}
+#endif
+
static void ddebug_apply_class_users(const struct _ddebug_info *di)
{
struct ddebug_class_user *cli;
diff --git a/tools/testing/selftests/dynamic_debug/dyndbg_selftest.sh b/tools/testing/selftests/dynamic_debug/dyndbg_selftest.sh
index 0bb3c3e11df7..194e9c9d4544 100755
--- a/tools/testing/selftests/dynamic_debug/dyndbg_selftest.sh
+++ b/tools/testing/selftests/dynamic_debug/dyndbg_selftest.sh
@@ -686,8 +686,8 @@ function GOLDEN_RECORDS {
#K= d4923595eea382923aee64aed15c7c35 FT_test_classes.1
#K= a15ec4843acd721fbdfddc0b512c8032 FT_test_classes.2
#K= 40a294034c886787960f4c751b196da9 FT_test_classes.3
-#K= 38e813e9025107ac3e24226b8d487a92 FT_classmap_inheritance.1
-#K= 9b82b12a35ad98ef26183db15071f70e FT_classmap_inheritance.2
+#K= 3af642df3771be04ab4428ce7f6d53a2 FT_classmap_inheritance.1
+#K= d6135911e9cff22d701ad0c3fdbb1c35 FT_classmap_inheritance.2
#K= d4937472530af6fdcb0a2440d4a366ea FT_classmap_inheritance.3
#K= fea6f925b829f75a5b2d4e837738fa12 FT_classmap_inheritance.4
#K= 7e92245008439ee79fe2460aeaa16a9b FT_classmap_inheritance.5
--
2.55.0
next prev parent reply other threads:[~2026-09-05 18:13 UTC|newest]
Thread overview: 44+ messages / expand[flat|nested] mbox.gz Atom feed top
2026-09-05 18:13 [PATCH v8 00/43] dyndbg: fix classmaps API for DRM, query extensions, and selftests Jim Cromie via B4 Relay
2026-09-05 18:13 ` [PATCH v8 01/43] selftests/dyndbg: Add kselftest script to verify dynamic-debug Jim Cromie via B4 Relay
2026-09-05 18:13 ` [PATCH v8 02/43] drm: Fix incorrect ccflags-y spelling inside Makefile Jim Cromie via B4 Relay
2026-09-05 18:13 ` [PATCH v8 03/43] drm: fix config dependent unused variable warning Jim Cromie via B4 Relay
2026-09-05 18:13 ` [PATCH v8 04/43] drm: Mark CONFIG_DRM_USE_DYNAMIC_DEBUG as unBROKEN Jim Cromie via B4 Relay
2026-09-05 18:13 ` [PATCH v8 05/43] vmlinux.lds.h: refactor BOUNDED_SECTION_* macros into bounded_sections.lds.h Jim Cromie via B4 Relay
2026-09-05 18:13 ` [PATCH v8 06/43] vmlinux.lds.h: drop unused HEADERED_SECTION* macros Jim Cromie via B4 Relay
2026-09-05 18:13 ` [PATCH v8 07/43] vmlinux.lds.h: Fix ALIGN(8) omission causing NULL ptr on i386 Jim Cromie via B4 Relay
2026-09-05 18:13 ` [PATCH v8 08/43] vmlinux.lds.h: remove redundant ALIGN(8) directives Jim Cromie via B4 Relay
2026-09-05 18:13 ` [PATCH v8 09/43] dyndbg.lds.S: fix lost dyndbg sections in modules Jim Cromie via B4 Relay
2026-09-05 18:13 ` [PATCH v8 10/43] dyndbg: factor ddebug_match_desc out from ddebug_change Jim Cromie via B4 Relay
2026-09-05 18:13 ` [PATCH v8 11/43] dyndbg: add stub macro for DECLARE_DYNDBG_CLASSMAP Jim Cromie via B4 Relay
2026-09-05 18:13 ` [PATCH v8 12/43] dyndbg: reword "class unknown," to "class:_UNKNOWN_" Jim Cromie via B4 Relay
2026-09-05 18:13 ` [PATCH v8 13/43] dyndbg-API: remove DD_CLASS_TYPE_(DISJOINT|LEVEL)_NAMES and code Jim Cromie via B4 Relay
2026-09-05 18:13 ` [PATCH v8 14/43] dyndbg: drop NUM_TYPE_ARGS Jim Cromie via B4 Relay
2026-09-05 18:13 ` [PATCH v8 15/43] dyndbg: bump num-tokens in a query-cmd from 9 to 15 Jim Cromie via B4 Relay
2026-09-05 18:13 ` [PATCH v8 16/43] dyndbg: reduce verbose/debug clutter Jim Cromie via B4 Relay
2026-09-05 18:13 ` [PATCH v8 17/43] lib/parser: add match_wildcard_hyphen() for agnostic matching Jim Cromie via B4 Relay
2026-09-05 18:13 ` [PATCH v8 18/43] kbuild, dyndbg: clean up builtin module-name ambiguities Jim Cromie via B4 Relay
2026-09-05 18:13 ` [PATCH v8 19/43] dyndbg: refactor param_set_dyndbg_classes and below Jim Cromie via B4 Relay
2026-09-05 18:13 ` [PATCH v8 20/43] dyndbg: tighten fn-sig of ddebug_apply_class_bitmap Jim Cromie via B4 Relay
2026-09-05 18:13 ` [PATCH v8 21/43] dyndbg: replace classmap list with an array-slice Jim Cromie via B4 Relay
2026-09-05 18:13 ` [PATCH v8 22/43] dyndbg: macrofy a 2-index for-loop pattern Jim Cromie via B4 Relay
2026-09-05 18:13 ` [PATCH v8 23/43] dyndbg: reduce class param storage to u32 Jim Cromie via B4 Relay
2026-09-05 18:13 ` [PATCH v8 24/43] dyndbg,module: make proper substructs in _ddebug_info Jim Cromie via B4 Relay
2026-09-05 18:13 ` [PATCH v8 25/43] dyndbg: move mod_name down from struct ddebug_table to _ddebug_info Jim Cromie via B4 Relay
2026-09-05 18:13 ` [PATCH v8 26/43] dyndbg: hoist classmap-filter-by-modname up to ddebug_add_module Jim Cromie via B4 Relay
2026-09-05 18:13 ` [PATCH v8 27/43] dyndbg-API: replace DECLARE_DYNDBG_CLASSMAP Jim Cromie via B4 Relay
2026-09-05 18:13 ` [PATCH v8 28/43] selftests/dyndbg: enable FT_classmap_inheritance Jim Cromie via B4 Relay
2026-09-05 18:13 ` [PATCH v8 29/43] dyndbg: detect class_id reservation conflicts Jim Cromie via B4 Relay
2026-09-05 18:13 ` [PATCH v8 30/43] dyndbg: check DYNAMIC_DEBUG_CLASSMAP_{DEFINE,USE_} args at compile-time Jim Cromie via B4 Relay
2026-09-05 18:13 ` [PATCH v8 31/43] dyndbg-test: add do_bulk testpoint, rename do_prints to do_classes Jim Cromie via B4 Relay
2026-09-05 18:13 ` [PATCH v8 32/43] dyndbg-API: promote DYNAMIC_DEBUG_CLASSMAP_PARAM to API Jim Cromie via B4 Relay
2026-09-05 18:13 ` [PATCH v8 33/43] dyndbg: control-parser: treat comma as a token separator Jim Cromie via B4 Relay
2026-09-05 18:13 ` [PATCH v8 34/43] selftests: enable comma-terminator tests Jim Cromie via B4 Relay
2026-09-05 18:13 ` [PATCH v8 35/43] dyndbg: split multi-query strings with @ Jim Cromie via B4 Relay
2026-09-05 18:13 ` Jim Cromie via B4 Relay [this message]
2026-09-05 18:13 ` [PATCH v8 37/43] dyndbg: harden classmap and descriptor validation Jim Cromie via B4 Relay
2026-09-05 18:13 ` [PATCH v8 38/43] docs/dyndbg: add classmap info to howto Jim Cromie via B4 Relay
2026-09-05 18:13 ` [PATCH v8 39/43] dyndbg: Ignore additional arguments from pr_fmt Jim Cromie via B4 Relay
2026-09-05 18:13 ` [PATCH v8 40/43] dyndbg: add epilogue to dynamic_debug/control file Jim Cromie via B4 Relay
2026-09-05 18:13 ` [PATCH v8 41/43] dyndbg: add +c flag to count advantage of classmaps for DRM Jim Cromie via B4 Relay
2026-09-05 18:13 ` [PATCH v8 42/43] dyndbg: add DEBUG-biased fallback stubs for _dynamic_func_call_cls Jim Cromie via B4 Relay
2026-09-05 18:13 ` [PATCH v8 43/43] selftests/dynamic_debug: Prime params module with +p in FT_comma_terminators Jim Cromie via B4 Relay
Reply instructions:
You may reply publicly to this message via plain-text email
using any one of the following methods:
* Save the following mbox file, import it into your mail client,
and reply-to-all from there: mbox
Avoid top-posting and favor interleaved quoting:
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Posting_style#Interleaved_style
* Reply using the --to, --cc, and --in-reply-to
switches of git-send-email(1):
git send-email \
--in-reply-to=20260905-dd-cmap-part2-clean-v8-36-a4cc0674f6fd@gmail.com \
--to=devnull+jim.cromie.gmail.com@kernel.org \
--cc=airlied@gmail.com \
--cc=akpm@linux-foundation.org \
--cc=arnd@arndb.de \
--cc=atomlin@atomlin.com \
--cc=corbet@lwn.net \
--cc=da.gomez@kernel.org \
--cc=dri-devel@lists.freedesktop.org \
--cc=gregkh@linuxfoundation.org \
--cc=jbaron@akamai.com \
--cc=jim.cromie@gmail.com \
--cc=linux-arch@vger.kernel.org \
--cc=linux-doc@vger.kernel.org \
--cc=linux-kbuild@vger.kernel.org \
--cc=linux-kernel@vger.kernel.org \
--cc=linux-kselftest@vger.kernel.org \
--cc=linux-modules@vger.kernel.org \
--cc=louis.chauvet@bootlin.com \
--cc=maarten.lankhorst@linux.intel.com \
--cc=mcgrof@kernel.org \
--cc=mripard@kernel.org \
--cc=nathan@kernel.org \
--cc=nsc@kernel.org \
--cc=petr.pavlu@suse.com \
--cc=samitolvanen@google.com \
--cc=shuah@kernel.org \
--cc=simona@ffwll.ch \
--cc=skhan@linuxfoundation.org \
--cc=tzimmermann@suse.de \
/path/to/YOUR_REPLY
https://kernel.org/pub/software/scm/git/docs/git-send-email.html
* If your mail client supports setting the In-Reply-To header
via mailto: links, try the mailto: link
Be sure your reply has a Subject: header at the top and a blank line
before the message body.
This is a public inbox, see mirroring instructions
for how to clone and mirror all data and code used for this inbox
all inboxes | Powered by JetHome®