[RFC PATCH v8 01/14] mm: Add an allocator for CoCo shared memory

["Aneesh Kumar K.V (Arm)" <aneesh.kumar@kernel.org>]

Confidential-computing guests may require memory shared with the host to
be aligned and transitioned in units larger than PAGE_SIZE. Several DMA
users need struct page-backed allocations satisfying these requirements.
Provide a common allocator instead of requiring each user to open-code
this sequence.

Add alloc_cc_shared_pages() and its node-aware variant. The allocator
rounds the requested size to the architecture's shared granule,
allocates suitably aligned contiguous pages and transitions the
complete range to shared state. It also preserves the caller's GFP
policy.

A private-to-shared transition may alter memory contents. Mask
__GFP_ZERO from the underlying allocation and when requested, clear the
complete transitioned range after cc_make_shared() succeeds.

Return the page and transitioned size so free_cc_shared_pages() can
restore the complete range to private state before freeing it. If
private state cannot be established, retain the allocation instead of
returning a possibly shared page to the buddy allocator.

Also provide the shared-granule geometry and byte-oriented transition
helpers used by the allocator and by callers managing their own backing
memory.

Cc: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Signed-off-by: Aneesh Kumar K.V (Arm) <aneesh.kumar@kernel.org>
---
 include/linux/cc_shared.h |  39 +++++++
 mm/Makefile               |   1 +
 mm/cc_shared.c            | 232 ++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++
 3 files changed, 272 insertions(+)
 create mode 100644 include/linux/cc_shared.h
 create mode 100644 mm/cc_shared.c

diff --git a/include/linux/cc_shared.h b/include/linux/cc_shared.h
new file mode 100644
index 000000000000..5f8db7c468c5
--- /dev/null
+++ b/include/linux/cc_shared.h
@@ -0,0 +1,39 @@
+/* SPDX-License-Identifier: GPL-2.0 */
+#ifndef _LINUX_CC_SHARED_H
+#define _LINUX_CC_SHARED_H
+
+#include <linux/gfp_types.h>
+#include <linux/types.h>
+
+struct page;
+
+struct cc_shared_pages {
+	struct page *page;
+	size_t shared_size;
+};
+
+struct cc_shared_layout {
+	size_t requested_size;
+	size_t shared_size;
+	size_t alignment;
+};
+
+/*
+ * Architectures may override this to return the granule used for transitions
+ * between private and shared memory. The value must be a power of two and no
+ * smaller than PAGE_SIZE.
+ */
+size_t arch_cc_shared_granule_size(void);
+
+size_t cc_shared_granule_size(void);
+int cc_shared_calc_layout(size_t requested, struct cc_shared_layout *layout);
+bool cc_shared_range_valid(phys_addr_t base, size_t size);
+int cc_make_shared(void *addr, size_t size);
+int cc_make_private(void *addr, size_t size);
+int alloc_cc_shared_pages_node(int nid, gfp_t gfp,
+		size_t requested, struct cc_shared_pages *mem);
+int alloc_cc_shared_pages(gfp_t gfp,
+		size_t requested, struct cc_shared_pages *mem);
+void free_cc_shared_pages(struct cc_shared_pages *mem);
+
+#endif /* _LINUX_CC_SHARED_H */
diff --git a/mm/Makefile b/mm/Makefile
index e7245cb88c66..6e6544428422 100644
--- a/mm/Makefile
+++ b/mm/Makefile
@@ -56,6 +56,7 @@ obj-y			:= filemap.o mempool.o oom_kill.o fadvise.o \
 			   compaction.o show_mem.o \
 			   interval_tree.o list_lru.o workingset.o \
 			   debug.o gup.o mmap_lock.o vma_init.o $(mmu-y)
+obj-y			+= cc_shared.o
 
 # Give 'page_alloc' its own module-parameter namespace
 page-alloc-y := page_alloc.o
diff --git a/mm/cc_shared.c b/mm/cc_shared.c
new file mode 100644
index 000000000000..85e16f4504b8
--- /dev/null
+++ b/mm/cc_shared.c
@@ -0,0 +1,232 @@
+// SPDX-License-Identifier: GPL-2.0
+/*
+ * Copyright (C) 2026 ARM Ltd.
+ */
+#include <linux/align.h>
+#include <linux/cc_platform.h>
+#include <linux/cc_shared.h>
+#include <linux/errno.h>
+#include <linux/export.h>
+#include <linux/gfp.h>
+#include <linux/log2.h>
+#include <linux/mm.h>
+#include <linux/mem_encrypt.h>
+#include <linux/numa.h>
+#include <linux/overflow.h>
+#include <linux/set_memory.h>
+
+size_t __weak arch_cc_shared_granule_size(void)
+{
+	return PAGE_SIZE;
+}
+
+size_t cc_shared_granule_size(void)
+{
+	size_t granule = arch_cc_shared_granule_size();
+
+	if (WARN_ON_ONCE(granule < PAGE_SIZE || !is_power_of_2(granule)))
+		return PAGE_SIZE;
+
+	return granule;
+}
+EXPORT_SYMBOL_GPL(cc_shared_granule_size);
+
+int cc_shared_calc_layout(size_t requested, struct cc_shared_layout *layout)
+{
+	size_t granule, rounded;
+
+	if (!requested || !layout)
+		return -EINVAL;
+
+	granule = cc_shared_granule_size();
+	if (check_add_overflow(requested, granule - 1, &rounded))
+		return -EOVERFLOW;
+
+	rounded = ALIGN_DOWN(rounded, granule);
+	layout->requested_size = requested;
+	layout->shared_size = rounded;
+	layout->alignment = granule;
+
+	return 0;
+}
+EXPORT_SYMBOL_GPL(cc_shared_calc_layout);
+
+bool cc_shared_range_valid(phys_addr_t base, size_t size)
+{
+	size_t granule = cc_shared_granule_size();
+
+	if (!size)
+		return false;
+
+	return IS_ALIGNED(base, granule) && IS_ALIGNED(size, granule);
+}
+EXPORT_SYMBOL_GPL(cc_shared_range_valid);
+
+static int cc_validate_transition(void *addr, size_t size)
+{
+	phys_addr_t phys;
+
+	if (!addr || !size || !PAGE_ALIGNED(addr) ||
+	    !virt_addr_valid(addr))
+		return -EINVAL;
+
+	phys = page_to_phys(virt_to_page(addr));
+	if (!cc_shared_range_valid(phys, size))
+		return -EINVAL;
+
+	return 0;
+}
+
+int cc_make_shared(void *addr, size_t size)
+{
+	int ret = cc_validate_transition(addr, size);
+
+	if (ret)
+		return ret;
+
+	return set_memory_decrypted((unsigned long)addr, size >> PAGE_SHIFT);
+}
+
+int cc_make_private(void *addr, size_t size)
+{
+	int ret = cc_validate_transition(addr, size);
+
+	if (ret)
+		return ret;
+
+	return set_memory_encrypted((unsigned long)addr, size >> PAGE_SHIFT);
+}
+
+static int __alloc_cc_shared_pages_node(int nid, gfp_t gfp,
+					size_t requested,
+					struct cc_shared_pages *mem)
+{
+	struct cc_shared_layout layout;
+	struct page *page;
+	unsigned int order;
+	bool zero = gfp & __GFP_ZERO;
+	int ret;
+
+	ret = cc_shared_calc_layout(requested, &layout);
+	if (ret)
+		return ret;
+
+	order = get_order(layout.shared_size);
+	if (order > MAX_PAGE_ORDER)
+		return -EINVAL;
+
+	/*
+	 * State transitions require a linear-map address and may modify memory.
+	 * Allocate from low memory and defer requested zeroing until afterwards.
+	 */
+	gfp &= ~(__GFP_HIGHMEM | __GFP_ZERO);
+	if (nid == NUMA_NO_NODE)
+		page = alloc_pages(gfp, order);
+	else
+		page = alloc_pages_node(nid, gfp, order);
+	if (!page)
+		return -ENOMEM;
+
+	ret = cc_make_shared(page_address(page), layout.shared_size);
+	if (ret) {
+		if (!cc_make_private(page_address(page), layout.shared_size))
+			__free_pages(page, order);
+		else
+			pr_warn_ratelimited("leaking %zu bytes with uncertain shared state\n",
+					    layout.shared_size);
+		return ret;
+	}
+
+	if (zero)
+		memset(page_address(page), 0, layout.shared_size);
+
+	mem->page = page;
+	mem->shared_size = layout.shared_size;
+	return 0;
+}
+
+/**
+ * alloc_cc_shared_pages_node - allocate memory that can be shared
+ * @nid: NUMA node from which to allocate, or %NUMA_NO_NODE
+ * @gfp: allocation flags
+ * @requested: number of bytes requested; must be nonzero
+ * @mem: storage for the allocated page and the size of the shared range
+ *
+ * Allocate at least @requested bytes and make the allocation shared when
+ * memory encryption is active.  A memory-state transition requires a valid
+ * linear-map address, so such allocations never come from high memory
+ *
+ * The shared range may be rounded up to the architecture's transition
+ * granule.  On success, @mem->shared_size records the actual size that was
+ * made shared and must be retained unchanged for free_cc_shared_pages().
+ * @mem is not modified on failure.
+ *
+ * Return: 0 on success, or a negative error code on failure.
+ */
+int alloc_cc_shared_pages_node(int nid, gfp_t gfp,
+			       size_t requested,
+			       struct cc_shared_pages *mem)
+{
+	struct page *page;
+	unsigned int order;
+
+	if (!mem || !requested)
+		return -EINVAL;
+
+	if (cc_platform_has(CC_ATTR_MEM_ENCRYPT))
+		return __alloc_cc_shared_pages_node(nid, gfp, requested, mem);
+
+	order = get_order(requested);
+	if (order > MAX_PAGE_ORDER)
+		return -EINVAL;
+
+	if (nid == NUMA_NO_NODE)
+		page = alloc_pages(gfp, order);
+	else
+		page = alloc_pages_node(nid, gfp, order);
+	if (!page)
+		return -ENOMEM;
+
+	mem->page = page;
+	mem->shared_size = requested;
+	return 0;
+}
+EXPORT_SYMBOL_GPL(alloc_cc_shared_pages_node);
+
+/**
+ * alloc_cc_shared_pages - allocate memory that can be shared
+ * @gfp: allocation flags
+ * @requested: number of bytes requested; must be nonzero
+ * @mem: storage for the allocated page and the size of the shared range
+ *
+ * Equivalent to alloc_cc_shared_pages_node() with %NUMA_NO_NODE.
+ *
+ * Return: 0 on success, or a negative error code on failure.
+ */
+int alloc_cc_shared_pages(gfp_t gfp,
+			  size_t requested, struct cc_shared_pages *mem)
+{
+	return alloc_cc_shared_pages_node(NUMA_NO_NODE, gfp, requested, mem);
+}
+EXPORT_SYMBOL_GPL(alloc_cc_shared_pages);
+
+void free_cc_shared_pages(struct cc_shared_pages *mem)
+{
+	if (!mem || !mem->page)
+		return;
+
+	if (!cc_platform_has(CC_ATTR_MEM_ENCRYPT))
+		goto free_pages;
+
+	if (cc_make_private(page_address(mem->page), mem->shared_size)) {
+		pr_warn_ratelimited("leaking %zu bytes that cannot be made private\n",
+				    mem->shared_size);
+		return;
+	}
+
+free_pages:
+	__free_pages(mem->page, get_order(mem->shared_size));
+	mem->page = NULL;
+	mem->shared_size = 0;
+}
+EXPORT_SYMBOL_GPL(free_cc_shared_pages);
-- 
2.43.0