From: Yury Norov <ynorov@nvidia.com>
To: Peter Zijlstra <peterz@infradead.org>,
Ingo Molnar <mingo@redhat.com>, Thomas Gleixner <tglx@kernel.org>,
Juri Lelli <juri.lelli@redhat.com>,
Vincent Guittot <vincent.guittot@linaro.org>,
Shrikanth Hegde <sshegde@linux.ibm.com>
Cc: Yury Norov <ynorov@nvidia.com>, Yury Norov <yury.norov@gmail.com>,
"Rafael J. Wysocki" <rafael@kernel.org>,
Alexander Gordeev <agordeev@linux.ibm.com>,
Andrea Righi <arighi@nvidia.com>, Ben Segall <bsegall@google.com>,
Christian Borntraeger <borntraeger@linux.ibm.com>,
Danilo Krummrich <dakr@kernel.org>,
Dietmar Eggemann <dietmar.eggemann@arm.com>,
Greg Kroah-Hartman <gregkh@linuxfoundation.org>,
Heiko Carstens <hca@linux.ibm.com>,
Johan Hovold <johan@kernel.org>, Jonathan Corbet <corbet@lwn.net>,
K Prateek Nayak <kprateek.nayak@amd.com>,
Mel Gorman <mgorman@suse.de>, Mete Durlu <meted@linux.ibm.com>,
Randy Dunlap <rdunlap@infradead.org>,
Rasmus Villemoes <linux@rasmusvillemoes.dk>,
Shuah Khan <skhan@linuxfoundation.org>,
Steven Rostedt <rostedt@goodmis.org>,
Sven Schnelle <svens@linux.ibm.com>,
Valentin Schneider <vschneid@redhat.com>,
Vasily Gorbik <gor@linux.ibm.com>,
linux-kernel@vger.kernel.org, linux-doc@vger.kernel.org,
driver-core@lists.linux.dev, linux-s390@vger.kernel.org
Subject: [PATCH 4/6] sched: serialize preferred cpumask update better
Date: Sun, 1 Nov 2026 14:22:00 -0500 [thread overview]
Message-ID: <20261101192203.6979-5-ynorov@nvidia.com> (raw)
In-Reply-To: <20261101192203.6979-1-ynorov@nvidia.com>
This series adds more flexibility to control the 'preferred' status of
CPUs, so that multiple modules may access the mask concurrently. Thus,
add the cpu_preferred_mutex.
With that, the scheme would look like this:
- if your code takes cpus_write_lock(), it's enough to write-access
the preferred cpumask;
- if your code takes cpus_read_lock(), you'd also take
cpu_preferred_mutex in order to modify the preferred mask.
This approach also fixes the existing race between steal governor
sampling and hotplug/unplug.
Fixes: 27d47ebce4d6 ("virt/steal_governor: Implement steal_governor policy loop")
Signed-off-by: Yury Norov <ynorov@nvidia.com>
---
drivers/virt/steal_governor.c | 21 ++++++++++++++++-----
include/linux/cpumask.h | 15 ++++++++++++---
kernel/cpu.c | 4 ++++
3 files changed, 32 insertions(+), 8 deletions(-)
diff --git a/drivers/virt/steal_governor.c b/drivers/virt/steal_governor.c
index 4cd9971fec45..bc3936e69eed 100644
--- a/drivers/virt/steal_governor.c
+++ b/drivers/virt/steal_governor.c
@@ -23,6 +23,7 @@
#include <linux/ktime.h>
#include <linux/math64.h>
#include <linux/module.h>
+#include <linux/mutex.h>
#include <linux/sched/isolation.h>
#include <linux/topology.h>
#include <linux/types.h>
@@ -134,7 +135,8 @@ static void decrease_preferred_cpus(void)
int target_cpu = nr_cpu_ids;
int cpu;
- guard(cpus_read_lock)();
+ lockdep_assert_cpus_held();
+ lockdep_assert_held(&cpu_preferred_mutex);
cpu = cpumask_first_and(housekeeping_cpumask(HK_TYPE_KERNEL_NOISE),
cpu_preferred_mask);
if (cpu >= nr_cpu_ids)
@@ -174,7 +176,8 @@ static void increase_preferred_cpus(void)
{
int first_cpu, cpu;
- guard(cpus_read_lock)();
+ lockdep_assert_cpus_held();
+ lockdep_assert_held(&cpu_preferred_mutex);
first_cpu = cpumask_first_andnot(cpu_active_mask, cpu_preferred_mask);
/* All CPUs are preferred. Nothing to increase further */
@@ -188,6 +191,9 @@ static void increase_preferred_cpus(void)
static bool preferred_cpus_valid(void)
{
+ lockdep_assert_cpus_held();
+ lockdep_assert_held(&cpu_preferred_mutex);
+
if (cpumask_empty(cpu_preferred_mask)) {
pr_err("empty preferred mask. stopping\n");
return false;
@@ -208,6 +214,9 @@ static void steal_governor_loop(struct work_struct *work)
u64 curr_steal, delta_steal, delta_ns, steal_ratio;
ktime_t now;
+ guard(cpus_read_lock)();
+ guard(mutex)(&cpu_preferred_mutex);
+
now = ktime_get();
delta_ns = ktime_to_ns(ktime_sub(now, sg_ctx.time));
@@ -238,8 +247,7 @@ static void steal_governor_loop(struct work_struct *work)
* module restores to active if CPU hotplug breaks those assumptions.
*/
if (!preferred_cpus_valid()) {
- scoped_guard(cpus_read_lock)
- reset_preferred_cpumask();
+ reset_preferred_cpumask();
return;
}
@@ -276,8 +284,11 @@ static int __init steal_governor_init(void)
static void __exit steal_governor_exit(void)
{
disable_delayed_work_sync(&sg_ctx.work);
- scoped_guard(cpus_read_lock)
+ scoped_guard(cpus_read_lock) {
+ guard(mutex)(&cpu_preferred_mutex);
+
reset_preferred_cpumask();
+ }
pr_info("disabled\n");
}
diff --git a/include/linux/cpumask.h b/include/linux/cpumask.h
index c65abfc8a97f..fc911a153b44 100644
--- a/include/linux/cpumask.h
+++ b/include/linux/cpumask.h
@@ -123,7 +123,14 @@ extern struct cpumask __cpu_active_mask;
extern struct cpumask __cpu_dying_mask;
#ifdef CONFIG_PREFERRED_CPU
+/*
+ * Drivers must take cpus_read_lock() before cpu_preferred_mutex and
+ * hold both across mask validation and updates. If cpus_write_lock()
+ * is held, it guarantees the exclusive access to the mask, thus
+ * holding cpu_preferred_mutex isn't necessary.
+ */
extern struct cpumask __cpu_preferred_mask;
+extern struct mutex cpu_preferred_mutex;
#else
#define __cpu_preferred_mask __cpu_active_mask
#endif
@@ -1199,12 +1206,14 @@ void init_cpu_possible(const struct cpumask *src);
* reset_preferred_cpumask - reset preferred CPUs to the active mask.
*
* Callers must serialize against CPU hotplug and other preferred cpumask
- * writers.
+ * writers. Requires cpus_read_lock() and cpu_preferred_mutex; or
+ * cpus_write_lock().
*/
static inline void reset_preferred_cpumask(void)
{
- if (IS_ENABLED(CONFIG_PREFERRED_CPU))
- cpumask_copy(&__cpu_preferred_mask, cpu_active_mask);
+#ifdef CONFIG_PREFERRED_CPU
+ cpumask_copy(&__cpu_preferred_mask, cpu_active_mask);
+#endif
}
void set_cpu_online(unsigned int cpu, bool online);
diff --git a/kernel/cpu.c b/kernel/cpu.c
index 376d297a6292..dec08a90ea77 100644
--- a/kernel/cpu.c
+++ b/kernel/cpu.c
@@ -3106,6 +3106,10 @@ EXPORT_SYMBOL(__num_online_cpus);
#ifdef CONFIG_PREFERRED_CPU
struct cpumask __cpu_preferred_mask __read_mostly;
EXPORT_SYMBOL_GPL(__cpu_preferred_mask);
+
+/* Serialize policy drivers; acquire inside cpus_read_lock(). */
+DEFINE_MUTEX(cpu_preferred_mutex);
+EXPORT_SYMBOL_GPL(cpu_preferred_mutex);
#endif
void init_cpu_present(const struct cpumask *src)
--
2.53.0
next prev parent reply other threads:[~2026-11-01 19:22 UTC|newest]
Thread overview: 7+ messages / expand[flat|nested] mbox.gz Atom feed top
2026-11-01 19:21 [PATCH 0/6] sched: Expose writable interface for preferred CPUs mask Yury Norov
2026-11-01 19:21 ` [PATCH 1/6] sched: decouple PREFERRED_CPU from PARAVIRT in Kconfig.preempt Yury Norov
2026-11-01 19:21 ` [PATCH 2/6] cpumask: Add reset_preferred_cpumask() helper Yury Norov
2026-11-01 19:21 ` [PATCH 3/6] sched: Restore preferred CPUs when hotplug removes the last one Yury Norov
2026-11-01 19:22 ` Yury Norov [this message]
2026-11-01 19:22 ` [PATCH 5/6] virt: steal_governor: Warn on unexpected preferred mask states Yury Norov
2026-11-01 19:22 ` [PATCH 6/6] cpu: Add per-CPU preferred sysfs control Yury Norov
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