Re: [PATCH v3 00/12] mm: Decouple folio-based vmemmap optimization from HugeTLB

[Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>]

On Wed,  4 Nov 2026 10:34:58 +0800 Muchun Song <songmuchun@bytedance.com> wrote:

> Hi,
> 
> Section-based vmemmap optimization is implemented in sparse-vmemmap.c,
> while folio-based optimization currently lives in hugetlb_vmemmap.c.
> The latter is tightly coupled to HugeTLB-specific state even though the
> underlying page-table remapping operates on one folio at a time.
> 
> To make these interfaces easier to maintain, the folio-based remapping
> mechanics first need a boundary that is independent of HugeTLB-specific
> state and raw address ranges. This will allow the mechanics to be moved
> into a common vmemmap optimization layer alongside the section-based
> interface.
> 
> This series establishes that boundary through three folio-oriented
> operations, each with a distinct role:
> 
>   - vmemmap_optimize_folio() optimizes the vmemmap backing of a folio;
>   - vmemmap_restore_folio() restores the vmemmap backing of a folio; and
>   - vmemmap_pteify_folio() converts the vmemmap backing of a folio to
>     PTE mappings.
> 
> Together, these operations encapsulate the address-range calculation and
> remapping mechanics for a folio. HugeTLB wrappers retain policy decisions
> such as eligibility, optimized state, batching and TLB flush handling.
> 
> Patches 1-8 generalize the underlying vmemmap remapping infrastructure by
> removing HugeTLB-specific assumptions and simplifying remap control and
> resource handling. Patches 9-12 then establish folio-oriented operations
> for optimization, restoration and PTE conversion.
> 
> The implementation remains in hugetlb_vmemmap.c for now. A follow-up can
> move the folio-based operations into the common vmemmap optimization layer
> once the interface boundary is in place.
> 

Thanks.  I fed this into my evolving LLM-controlled testing setup and it
said

: I tested all twelve patches together in an x86-64 Debian VM under
: QEMU/KVM, with 4 KiB base pages and KASAN enabled.
:
: I grew the pool by 64 two-MiB huge pages and drained it again. With
: vmemmap optimization enabled, the kernel released 448 vmemmap pages
: on growth and restored all 448 on shrink, in each of three cycles.
: With optimization disabled, the vmemmap count stayed constant. I also
: faulted in a single surplus huge page. It released seven vmemmap pages
: and restored all seven when I unmapped it.
:
: I tested both boot-reserved and runtime-allocated 1 GiB huge pages.
: For the runtime case, I grew the pool from zero to one, drained it,
: and allocated again. I mapped the page and wrote and verified a byte
: in every 4 KiB base page. After unmapping it, I demoted it to 512
: two-MiB huge pages and drained the resulting pool.
:
: All twelve programs in the HugeTLB selftest group passed, including
: the cgroup reservation, fault-charge and reparenting tests. Both
: soft-offline cases passed, as did all twelve poisoned-page read test
: cases. I saw no HugeTLB warnings or KASAN reports.
:
: On a diagnostic build, I failed the head-page allocation and, in a
: separate run, interrupted optimization after three PTEs had changed.
: The trace showed rollback restoring the two tail entries to distinct
: backing pages. The folio remained usable in both runs. I also failed
: restoration after three of seven replacement pages had been allocated.
: All three were freed, the retry succeeded, and the metadata count
: returned to its starting value.
:
: I configured QEMU with two virtual NUMA nodes, each with two vCPUs
: and 4 GiB of RAM. On each node, I forced the batched pre-split to
: fail. The trace showed the remap splitting the same PMD and completing
: a range flush before replacing its first PTE. Folios on each node
: shared a tail backing page distinct from the other node's. I drained
: each node's pool in turn and verified data in a live folio on the other.
:
: Finally, on the kernel without diagnostic hooks, I grew and drained
: both pools during active page-cache reclaim. Over 40 cycles all 640
: folios optimized and restored, and the OOM-kill count stayed flat.
:
: Tested-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>