From: Max Kellermann <max.kellermann@ionos.com>
To: tytso@mit.edu, adilger.kernel@dilger.ca,
libaokun@linux.alibaba.com, jack@suse.cz, ojaswin@linux.ibm.com,
ritesh.list@gmail.com, yi.zhang@huawei.com,
linux-ext4@vger.kernel.org, linux-kernel@vger.kernel.org
Cc: Max Kellermann <max.kellermann@ionos.com>
Subject: [PATCH 2/3] ext4: make bigalloc support optional
Date: Wed, 11 Nov 2026 13:52:41 +0100 [thread overview]
Message-ID: <20261111125242.1078620-3-max.kellermann@ionos.com> (raw)
In-Reply-To: <20261111125242.1078620-1-max.kellermann@ionos.com>
Add CONFIG_EXT4_FS_BIGALLOC, enabled by default. Disabling it omits
pending cluster reservation tracking and saves 8 bytes per inode.
Reject bigalloc filesystems before journal recovery, including on
read-only mounts.
Signed-off-by: Max Kellermann <max.kellermann@ionos.com>
---
Documentation/filesystems/ext4/bigalloc.rst | 6 +++
fs/ext4/Kconfig | 15 +++++++
fs/ext4/ext4.h | 2 +
fs/ext4/extents_status.c | 44 +++++++++++++++++++--
fs/ext4/extents_status.h | 15 +++++++
fs/ext4/super.c | 10 +++++
6 files changed, 89 insertions(+), 3 deletions(-)
diff --git a/Documentation/filesystems/ext4/bigalloc.rst b/Documentation/filesystems/ext4/bigalloc.rst
index 976a180b209c..51aee018ec6d 100644
--- a/Documentation/filesystems/ext4/bigalloc.rst
+++ b/Documentation/filesystems/ext4/bigalloc.rst
@@ -3,6 +3,12 @@
Bigalloc
--------
+Bigalloc support is enabled by default with ``CONFIG_EXT4_FS_BIGALLOC``.
+Disabling this option removes the per-inode pending cluster reservation
+tree and its tracking code. Such kernels reject filesystems with the
+``bigalloc`` feature, including read-only mounts, before journal recovery.
+Filesystems without this feature remain supported.
+
At the moment, the default size of a block is 4KiB, which is a commonly
supported page size on most MMU-capable hardware. This is fortunate, as
ext4 code is not prepared to handle the case where the block size
diff --git a/fs/ext4/Kconfig b/fs/ext4/Kconfig
index 0f3e702cd5e1..518bd68ed167 100644
--- a/fs/ext4/Kconfig
+++ b/fs/ext4/Kconfig
@@ -43,6 +43,21 @@ config EXT4_USE_FOR_EXT2
compiled kernel size by using one file system driver for
ext2, ext3, and ext4 file systems.
+config EXT4_FS_BIGALLOC
+ bool "Ext4 bigalloc support"
+ depends on EXT4_FS
+ default y
+ help
+ Support filesystems with the bigalloc feature, which allocate space
+ in clusters of multiple blocks to reduce allocation overhead for
+ large files.
+
+ Say N to omit pending cluster reservation tracking and reduce memory
+ usage per inode. Filesystems with the bigalloc feature cannot be
+ mounted, including read-only mounts, when this option is disabled.
+
+ If unsure, say Y.
+
config EXT4_FS_FAST_COMMIT
bool "Ext4 fast commit support"
depends on EXT4_FS
diff --git a/fs/ext4/ext4.h b/fs/ext4/ext4.h
index 1aedbfbcb101..c2c242f60700 100644
--- a/fs/ext4/ext4.h
+++ b/fs/ext4/ext4.h
@@ -1194,8 +1194,10 @@ struct ext4_inode_info {
/* ialloc */
ext4_group_t i_last_alloc_group;
+#ifdef CONFIG_EXT4_FS_BIGALLOC
/* pending cluster reservations for bigalloc file systems */
struct ext4_pending_tree i_pending_tree;
+#endif
/* on-disk additional length */
__u16 i_extra_isize;
diff --git a/fs/ext4/extents_status.c b/fs/ext4/extents_status.c
index 018b6146b9d8..68630b32720c 100644
--- a/fs/ext4/extents_status.c
+++ b/fs/ext4/extents_status.c
@@ -174,7 +174,9 @@
*/
static struct kmem_cache *ext4_es_cachep;
+#ifdef CONFIG_EXT4_FS_BIGALLOC
static struct kmem_cache *ext4_pending_cachep;
+#endif
static int __es_insert_extent(struct inode *inode, struct extent_status *newes,
struct extent_status *prealloc);
@@ -185,9 +187,18 @@ static int __es_remove_extent(struct inode *inode, ext4_lblk_t lblk,
static int es_reclaim_extents(struct ext4_inode_info *ei, int *nr_to_scan);
static int __es_shrink(struct ext4_sb_info *sbi, int nr_to_scan,
struct ext4_inode_info *locked_ei);
+#ifdef CONFIG_EXT4_FS_BIGALLOC
static int __revise_pending(struct inode *inode, ext4_lblk_t lblk,
ext4_lblk_t len,
struct pending_reservation **prealloc);
+#else
+static inline int __revise_pending(struct inode *inode, ext4_lblk_t lblk,
+ ext4_lblk_t len,
+ struct pending_reservation **prealloc)
+{
+ return 0;
+}
+#endif
int __init ext4_init_es(void)
{
@@ -506,6 +517,7 @@ static void ext4_es_list_del(struct inode *inode)
spin_unlock(&sbi->s_es_lock);
}
+#ifdef CONFIG_EXT4_FS_BIGALLOC
static inline struct pending_reservation *__alloc_pending(bool nofail)
{
if (!nofail)
@@ -518,6 +530,14 @@ static inline void __free_pending(struct pending_reservation *pr)
{
kmem_cache_free(ext4_pending_cachep, pr);
}
+#else
+static inline struct pending_reservation *__alloc_pending(bool nofail)
+{
+ return NULL;
+}
+
+static inline void __free_pending(struct pending_reservation *pr) {}
+#endif
/*
* Returns true if we cannot fail to allocate memory for this extent_status
@@ -934,7 +954,8 @@ void ext4_es_insert_extent(struct inode *inode, ext4_lblk_t lblk,
ext4_es_insert_extent_check(inode, &newes);
- revise_pending = sbi->s_cluster_ratio > 1 &&
+ revise_pending = IS_ENABLED(CONFIG_EXT4_FS_BIGALLOC) &&
+ sbi->s_cluster_ratio > 1 &&
test_opt(inode->i_sb, DELALLOC) &&
(status & (EXTENT_STATUS_WRITTEN |
EXTENT_STATUS_UNWRITTEN));
@@ -1197,7 +1218,7 @@ static void init_rsvd(struct inode *inode, ext4_lblk_t lblk,
* the region to be removed, if any, and note that there's no partial
* cluster to track
*/
- if (sbi->s_cluster_ratio > 1) {
+ if (IS_ENABLED(CONFIG_EXT4_FS_BIGALLOC) && sbi->s_cluster_ratio > 1) {
rc->first_do_lblk_found = false;
if (lblk > es->es_lblk) {
rc->left_es = es;
@@ -1235,7 +1256,7 @@ static void count_rsvd(struct inode *inode, ext4_lblk_t lblk, long len,
WARN_ON(len <= 0);
- if (sbi->s_cluster_ratio == 1) {
+ if (!IS_ENABLED(CONFIG_EXT4_FS_BIGALLOC) || sbi->s_cluster_ratio == 1) {
rc->ndelayed += (int) len;
return;
}
@@ -1296,6 +1317,7 @@ static void count_rsvd(struct inode *inode, ext4_lblk_t lblk, long len,
}
}
+#ifdef CONFIG_EXT4_FS_BIGALLOC
/*
* __pr_tree_search - search for a pending cluster reservation
*
@@ -1330,6 +1352,7 @@ static struct pending_reservation *__pr_tree_search(struct rb_root *root,
}
return NULL;
}
+#endif
/*
* get_rsvd - calculates and returns the number of cluster reservations to be
@@ -1350,6 +1373,7 @@ static unsigned int get_rsvd(struct inode *inode, ext4_lblk_t end,
struct extent_status *right_es,
struct rsvd_count *rc)
{
+#ifdef CONFIG_EXT4_FS_BIGALLOC
struct ext4_sb_info *sbi = EXT4_SB(inode->i_sb);
struct pending_reservation *pr;
struct ext4_pending_tree *tree = &EXT4_I(inode)->i_pending_tree;
@@ -1457,6 +1481,7 @@ static unsigned int get_rsvd(struct inode *inode, ext4_lblk_t end,
}
}
}
+#endif
return rc->ndelayed;
}
@@ -1996,6 +2021,7 @@ void ext4_clear_inode_es(struct inode *inode)
write_unlock(&ei->i_es_lock);
}
+#ifdef CONFIG_EXT4_FS_BIGALLOC
#ifdef ES_DEBUG__
static void ext4_print_pending_tree(struct inode *inode)
{
@@ -2188,6 +2214,16 @@ bool ext4_is_pending(struct inode *inode, ext4_lblk_t lblk)
return ret;
}
+#else
+#define ext4_print_pending_tree(inode)
+
+static inline int __insert_pending(struct inode *inode, ext4_lblk_t lblk,
+ struct pending_reservation **prealloc)
+{
+ return 0;
+}
+#endif
+
/*
* ext4_es_insert_delayed_extent - adds some delayed blocks to the extents
* status tree, adding a pending reservation
@@ -2297,6 +2333,7 @@ void ext4_es_insert_delayed_extent(struct inode *inode, ext4_lblk_t lblk,
return;
}
+#ifdef CONFIG_EXT4_FS_BIGALLOC
/*
* __revise_pending - makes, cancels, or leaves unchanged pending cluster
* reservations for a specified block range depending
@@ -2395,3 +2432,4 @@ static int __revise_pending(struct inode *inode, ext4_lblk_t lblk,
out:
return (ret < 0) ? ret : pendings;
}
+#endif /* CONFIG_EXT4_FS_BIGALLOC */
diff --git a/fs/ext4/extents_status.h b/fs/ext4/extents_status.h
index 01cddcaaa68e..67d5059061a4 100644
--- a/fs/ext4/extents_status.h
+++ b/fs/ext4/extents_status.h
@@ -242,11 +242,26 @@ extern void ext4_es_destroy_stats(struct ext4_sb_info *sbi);
extern int ext4_seq_es_shrinker_info_show(struct seq_file *seq, void *v);
+#ifdef CONFIG_EXT4_FS_BIGALLOC
extern int __init ext4_init_pending(void);
extern void ext4_exit_pending(void);
extern void ext4_init_pending_tree(struct ext4_pending_tree *tree);
extern void ext4_remove_pending(struct inode *inode, ext4_lblk_t lblk);
extern bool ext4_is_pending(struct inode *inode, ext4_lblk_t lblk);
+#else
+static inline int ext4_init_pending(void)
+{
+ return 0;
+}
+
+static inline void ext4_exit_pending(void) {}
+static inline void ext4_remove_pending(struct inode *inode, ext4_lblk_t lblk) {}
+static inline bool ext4_is_pending(struct inode *inode, ext4_lblk_t lblk)
+{
+ return false;
+}
+#endif
+
extern void ext4_es_insert_delayed_extent(struct inode *inode, ext4_lblk_t lblk,
ext4_lblk_t len, bool lclu_allocated,
bool end_allocated);
diff --git a/fs/ext4/super.c b/fs/ext4/super.c
index aced1a67a554..a319077fb3ec 100644
--- a/fs/ext4/super.c
+++ b/fs/ext4/super.c
@@ -1438,7 +1438,9 @@ static struct inode *ext4_alloc_inode(struct super_block *sb)
ei->i_es_seq = 0;
ei->i_reserved_data_blocks = 0;
spin_lock_init(&(ei->i_block_reservation_lock));
+#ifdef CONFIG_EXT4_FS_BIGALLOC
ext4_init_pending_tree(&ei->i_pending_tree);
+#endif
#ifdef CONFIG_QUOTA
ei->i_reserved_quota = 0;
memset(&ei->i_dquot, 0, sizeof(ei->i_dquot));
@@ -3698,6 +3700,14 @@ int ext4_feature_set_ok(struct super_block *sb, int readonly)
return 0;
}
+ /* Read-only mounts can still replay the journal. */
+ if (!IS_ENABLED(CONFIG_EXT4_FS_BIGALLOC) &&
+ ext4_has_feature_bigalloc(sb)) {
+ ext4_msg(sb, KERN_ERR,
+ "Filesystem with bigalloc feature cannot be mounted without CONFIG_EXT4_FS_BIGALLOC");
+ return 0;
+ }
+
if (readonly)
return 1;
--
2.53.0
next prev parent reply other threads:[~2026-11-11 12:52 UTC|newest]
Thread overview: 4+ messages / expand[flat|nested] mbox.gz Atom feed top
2026-11-11 12:52 [PATCH 0/3] ext4: reduce per-inode memory overhead Max Kellermann
2026-11-11 12:52 ` [PATCH 1/3] ext4: make fast commit support optional Max Kellermann
2026-11-11 12:52 ` Max Kellermann [this message]
2026-11-11 12:52 ` [PATCH 3/3] ext4: store creation time in separate seconds and nanoseconds Max Kellermann
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