From mboxrd@z Thu Jan 1 00:00:00 1970 Authentication-Results: smtp.subspace.kernel.org; arc=none smtp.remote-ip=95.215.58.174 ARC-Seal: i=1; d=subspace.kernel.org; s=arc20261015; a=rsa-sha256; cv=none; t=1794434333; b=Gpsw7s6/V+kJAFakK4ijj2o5lED8W7/j7Ao2G7hWazifoy+hzXsthdaCW9VvDUQPjgfS IjN/xtLgjwn5Uz3R+CvECk9iX0RO9FOYzhHbL+gG2gkEFpM9J/zJo7+I7rBtAir+rvchU 21HN9abxyisonB8fOxcLrP48CTiMy2bPxByYcoEDqBc/t2BiISiO26yACxgCRhSXKBRHQ 5Lzz705KHcZG+dxxAKABghdd2+LC6sETakTRDqHpvq2uN5HRq9akxbuGvVcoDWvZqeOhJ GQ+OH2zqlntepl2XNYRXwHkiQ2e17qaDJT32L5IwqOf8WlzSodGSnDfGhD+YDm2oJYw== ARC-Message-Signature: i=1; d=subspace.kernel.org; s=arc20261015; a=rsa-sha256; c=relaxed/relaxed; t=1794434333; h=DMARC-Filter:X-Envelope-To:DKIM-Signature:X-Envelope-To:Received: X-Mizu-Trace-ID:X-Migadu-Flow:From:To:Cc:Subject:Date:Message-ID: X-Mailer:In-Reply-To:References:MIME-Version: Content-Transfer-Encoding; bh=x1LsmbxOAx5CXXj8AXKZuuDkplqUnZlYf0CHx0xt86k=; b=SqCPICKqdAaf5NeHWDWOOP54v5zy2pNt9ex0Xpptb5PA1GVxXOaLxKsm+xBqmBpkt6mL uytaj2PbKyOIhrq1YXYLjx0zB2SVkFRZw4n52tEP4cMLDatnfijy5YZeP23zArti9eB+h /n9FNVZ8GQtwwjbQqteix2W94oelvGEO8qwBW+XwUQcwxsrfDYeWbNGW068HANZKqFf7B G+U9u9glNQmICH7BCetK3etPkRmvL6dTt8t/s08T+FQAXGEj7YeCveQveZRxGZORTnT06 plO8a7Urm28ZbLBtQ6i3lVYlOkz3q3dPK3rBad4WYbM3iPZWaUxnaJ+DY33sLtuFZTw== ARC-Authentication-Results: i=1; smtp.subspace.kernel.org; dmarc=pass header.from=linux.dev; spf=pass smtp.mailfrom=linux.dev; dkim=pass header.d=linux.dev header.i=@linux.dev header.a=rsa-sha256 header.s=key1 header.b=dYQYnpiM; arc=none smtp.remote-ip=95.215.58.174 Received: from mta1.migadu.com (out-174.mta1.migadu.com [95.215.58.174]) (using TLSv1.3 with cipher TLS_AES_128_GCM_SHA256 (128/128 bits) key-exchange X25519 server-signature ECDSA (prime256v1) server-digest SHA256) (No client certificate requested) by smtp.subspace.kernel.org (Postfix) with ESMTPS id A673B606A8BA for ; Wed, 11 Nov 2026 21:58:52 +0000 (UTC) DMARC-Filter: OpenDMARC Filter v1.4.2 smtp.subspace.kernel.org A673B606A8BA Authentication-Results: smtp.subspace.kernel.org; dmarc=pass (p=none dis=none) header.from=linux.dev Authentication-Results: smtp.subspace.kernel.org; spf=pass smtp.mailfrom=linux.dev Authentication-Results: smtp.subspace.kernel.org; dkim=pass (1024-bit key, unprotected) header.d=linux.dev header.i=@linux.dev header.a=rsa-sha256 header.s=key1 header.b=dYQYnpiM X-Envelope-To: linux-kernel@vger.kernel.org DKIM-Signature: a=rsa-sha256; bh=tiZlHIKEfkKGCmYVTR7dQpyeUw+qsEmn5z+EEQEQDqE=; c=simple/simple; d=linux.dev; h=from:to:subject:date:message-id:mime-version:content-type; s=key1; t=1794434330; v=1; x=1795039130; b=dYQYnpiM8xHuFoDFccnswGD2mZ/elVIIHaAZpSXKS+q8NDpE6G/pcO/vakqaYWD0LQZYRcMf 4XaPjBH97r2W3Rj/y+I+7pFE3ySQIjFIqRqAklavXTA9wotQFcJyiHTGHaTor7Ch2eG+qb18Rvs BkvPQcW/MLDhIiYT2abNZXuA= X-Envelope-To: linux-kernel@vger.kernel.org Received: by smtp.migadu.com with ESMTPS id c9c772de2866fb27; Wed, 11 Nov 2026 21:58:50 +0000 X-Mizu-Trace-ID: c9c772de2866fb27 X-Migadu-Flow: FLOW_OUT From: Md Haris Iqbal To: Jens Axboe , linux-block@vger.kernel.org Cc: linux-kernel@vger.kernel.org, Christoph Hellwig , Keith Busch , Jonathan Corbet , linux-doc@vger.kernel.org, Md Haris Iqbal Subject: [v4 3/3] Documentation: block: document error injection delay feature Date: Wed, 11 Nov 2026 22:58:38 +0100 Message-ID: <20261111215838.103356-4-haris.iqbal@linux.dev> X-Mailer: git-send-email 2.53.0 In-Reply-To: <20261111215838.103356-1-haris.iqbal@linux.dev> References: <20261111215838.103356-1-haris.iqbal@linux.dev> X-Mailing-List: linux-kernel@vger.kernel.org List-Id: List-Post: List-Help: List-Subscribe: List-Unsubscribe: List-Owner: Precedence: list MIME-Version: 1.0 Content-Transfer-Encoding: 8bit Document the delay_us option: the delay happens above the driver, a delayed bio is not run through the rules again, and holding a bio back reorders it against bios submitted later. Cc: Christoph Hellwig Signed-off-by: Md Haris Iqbal --- Documentation/block/error-injection.rst | 39 +++++++++++++++++++++---- 1 file changed, 34 insertions(+), 5 deletions(-) diff --git a/Documentation/block/error-injection.rst b/Documentation/block/error-injection.rst index 81f31af82e65..3c86defddb80 100644 --- a/Documentation/block/error-injection.rst +++ b/Documentation/block/error-injection.rst @@ -7,9 +7,9 @@ Configurable Error Injection Overview -------- -Configurable error injection allows injecting specific block layer status codes -for sector ranges of a block device. Errors can be injected unconditionally, or -with a given probability. +Configurable error injection allows injecting delays and/or specific block +layer status codes for sector ranges of a block device by adding rules. The +rules can be configured to trigger unconditionally, or with a given probability. To use configurable error injection, CONFIG_BLK_ERROR_INJECTION must be enabled. @@ -34,15 +34,36 @@ op= block layer operation this rule applies to. This uses the XYZ for each REQ_OP_XYZ operation, e.g. READ, WRITE or DISCARD. Mandatory. status= Status to return. This uses XYZ for each BLK_STS_XYZ - code, e.g. IOERR or MEDIUM. Mandatory. + code, e.g. IOERR or MEDIUM. Mandatory unless delay_us + is given. start= First block layer sector the rule applies to. Optional, defaults to 0. nr_sectors= Number of sectors this rule applies. Optional, defaults to the remainder of the device. -chance= Only return a failure with a likelihood of 1/chance. +chance= Only apply the rule with a likelihood of 1/chance. Optional, defaults to 1 (always). +delay_us= Hold the bio back for this many microseconds. Without + status the bio is then submitted to the device as + usual. With status it is failed once the delay has + expired. Bios with REQ_NOWAIT set fail with + BLK_STS_AGAIN. Optional, defaults to 0 (no delay). + Values above 600 seconds are rejected. =================== ======================================================= +Delays +------ + +A delayed bio is held above the driver, so the device never sees a slow I/O. +A delay does not reach the blk-mq timeout handler or SCSI error handling. + +A bio that matched a delay rule is not evaluated against the rules again, even +after it is split and resubmitted internally. Removing a rule does not release +bios it is already delaying. + +Holding a bio back reorders it against bios submitted later. On zoned devices +this breaks sequential write ordering and the block layer fails the +out-of-order writes, so only delay reads there. + Example ------- @@ -54,6 +75,14 @@ Return BLK_STS_MEDIUM for every write to /dev/nvme0n1: $ echo 'add,op=WRITE,start=0,status=MEDIUM' > /sys/kernel/debug/block/nvme0n1/error_injection +Delay every read of /dev/nvme0n1 by 10 milliseconds, then issue it normally: + + $ echo 'add,op=READ,delay_us=10000' > /sys/kernel/debug/block/nvme0n1/error_injection + +Fail one in 100 writes with BLK_STS_TIMEOUT, but only after 30 seconds: + + $ echo 'add,op=WRITE,status=TIMEOUT,chance=100,delay_us=30000000' > /sys/kernel/debug/block/nvme0n1/error_injection + Remove all rules for /dev/nvme0n1: $ echo 'removeall' > /sys/kernel/debug/block/nvme0n1/error_injection -- 2.53.0