Re: [PATCH 1/1] mm/memory_hotplug: fix missing rollback in __add_pages()

[Muchun Song <muchun.song@linux.dev>]

> On Oct 1, 2026, at 00:46, David Hildenbrand (Arm) <david@kernel.org> wrote:
> 
> On 9/30/26 18:04, Lance Yang wrote:
>> __add_pages() returns on a sparse_add_section() failure without removing
>> the sections already added in the same request.
>> 
>> For memremap_pages(), the failed range is not counted in pgmap->nr_range,
>> so memunmap_pages() skips it. The sections already added in that range
>> retain their vmemmap mappings and subsection bits. Retrying a
>> section-aligned range can then fail with -EEXIST.
>> 
>> Save the initial PFN and remove [start_pfn, pfn) on failure. For a vmemmap
>> population failure, section_activate() already cleans up the current
>> section, so the rollback excludes it. If the first section fails,
>> __remove_pages() receives an empty range and does nothing.
>> 
>> Link: https://lore.kernel.org/all/BAD58999-1EDD-4A37-ABA0-DB1BD8AB3453@linux.dev/
>> Suggested-by: Muchun Song <muchun.song@linux.dev>
>> Signed-off-by: Lance Yang <lance.yang@linux.dev>
>> ---
>> No Fixes tag, as I couldn't identify the commit that introduced this issue.
>> 
>> mm/memory_hotplug.c | 6 +++++-
>> 1 file changed, 5 insertions(+), 1 deletion(-)
>> 
>> diff --git a/mm/memory_hotplug.c b/mm/memory_hotplug.c
>> index 796af1028ee2..ca4656698148 100644
>> --- a/mm/memory_hotplug.c
>> +++ b/mm/memory_hotplug.c
>> @@ -380,6 +380,7 @@ EXPORT_SYMBOL_GPL(pfn_to_online_page);
>> int __add_pages(int nid, unsigned long pfn, unsigned long nr_pages,
>> struct mhp_params *params)
>> {
>> + 	const unsigned long start_pfn = pfn;
>> 	const unsigned long end_pfn = pfn + nr_pages;
>> 	unsigned long cur_nr_pages;
>> 	int err;
>> @@ -413,8 +414,11 @@ int __add_pages(int nid, unsigned long pfn, unsigned long nr_pages,
>>    SECTION_ALIGN_UP(pfn + 1) - pfn);
>> 		err = sparse_add_section(nid, pfn, cur_nr_pages, altmap,
>>  					params->pgmap);
>> - 		if (err)
>> + 		if (err) {
>> + 			__remove_pages(start_pfn, pfn - start_pfn, altmap,
>> + 				       params->pgmap);
>> 			break;
>> + 		}
>> 		cond_resched();
>> 	}
>> 	vmemmap_populate_print_last();
> 
> Makes sense and LGTM.
> 
> Do we have a Fixes: tag? It probably dates back quite a while ... not sure about
> stable, we never saw this in practice. But if it's easy, we should just do it?
> (not sure if we ever had __remove_pages be limited to hotunplug support)
> 
> I'm planning on picking this up and sending it for the next merge window (so not
> as a hotfix).
> 
> Looking at this ...
> 
> x86 does not really expect add_pages to fail:
> 
> ret = __add_pages(nid, start_pfn, nr_pages, params);
> WARN_ON_ONCE(ret);
> 
> That's probably something to clean up as well?

The warning is a historical leftover. The original code
printed an error when __add_pages() failed. Commit
10f22dde556d accidentally turned that conditional printk
into an unconditional WARN_ON(1), and commit fe8b868eccb9
subsequently changed it to WARN_ON_ONCE(ret) to avoid
warning on successful memory hot-add.

There is no no-failure contract here: __add_pages() can
legitimately return errors such as -ENOMEM, and those
errors are already propagated to the caller. Since
WARN_ON_ONCE(ret) has no effect on control flow or error
handling, it can be safely removed without changing the
failure semantics.

This also reveals a potential bug introduced by commit
ea0854170c952: when update_end_of_memory_vars() was
added, it was called without checking that ret == 0, so the
end-of-memory variables may be updated even when
__add_pages() fails. Returning immediately on error fixes
that as well.

Thanks,
Muchun

> 
> -- 
> Cheers,
> 
> David