Re: [PATCH v4] filemap: avoid unnecessary major faults in filemap_fault()

["zhangpeng (AS)" <zhangpeng362@huawei.com>]

On 2024/3/6 16:47, Huang, Ying wrote:

> Peng Zhang <zhangpeng362@huawei.com> writes:
>> From: ZhangPeng <zhangpeng362@huawei.com>
>>
>> The major fault occurred when using mlockall(MCL_CURRENT | MCL_FUTURE)
>> in application, which leading to an unexpected issue[1].
>>
>> This caused by temporarily cleared PTE during a read+clear/modify/write
>> update of the PTE, eg, do_numa_page()/change_pte_range().
>>
>> For the data segment of the user-mode program, the global variable area
>> is a private mapping. After the pagecache is loaded, the private anonymous
>> page is generated after the COW is triggered. Mlockall can lock COW pages
>> (anonymous pages), but the original file pages cannot be locked and may
>> be reclaimed. If the global variable (private anon page) is accessed when
>> vmf->pte is zeroed in numa fault, a file page fault will be triggered.
>> At this time, the original private file page may have been reclaimed.
>> If the page cache is not available at this time, a major fault will be
>> triggered and the file will be read, causing additional overhead.
>>
>> This issue affects our traffic analysis service. The inbound traffic is
>> heavy. If a major fault occurs, the I/O schedule is triggered and the
>> original I/O is suspended. Generally, the I/O schedule is 0.7 ms. If
>> other applications are operating disks, the system needs to wait for
>> more than 10 ms. However, the inbound traffic is heavy and the NIC buffer
>> is small. As a result, packet loss occurs. But the traffic analysis service
>> can't tolerate packet loss.
>>
>> Fix this by holding PTL and rechecking the PTE in filemap_fault() before
>> triggering a major fault. We do this check only if vma is VM_LOCKED to
>> reduce the performance impact in common scenarios.
>>
>> In our product environment, there were 7 major faults every 12 hours.
>> After the patch is applied, no major fault have been triggered.
>>
>> Testing file page read and write page fault performance in ext4 and
>> ramdisk using will-it-scale[2] on a x86 physical machine. The data is
>> the average change compared with the mainline after the patch is applied.
>> The test results are within the range of fluctuation. We do this check
>> only if vma is VM_LOCKED, therefore, no performance regressions is caused
>> for most common cases.
>>
>> The test results are as follows:
>>                            processes processes_idle  threads threads_idle
>> ext4    private file write:  0.22%    0.26%           1.21%  -0.15%
>> ext4    private file  read:  0.03%    1.00%           1.39%   0.34%
>> ext4    shared  file write: -0.50%   -0.02%          -0.14%  -0.02%
>> ramdisk private file write:  0.07%    0.02%           0.53%   0.04%
>> ramdisk private file  read:  0.01%    1.60%          -0.32%  -0.02%
>>
>> [1] https://lore.kernel.org/linux-mm/9e62fd9a-bee0-52bf-50a7-498fa17434ee@huawei.com/
>> [2] https://github.com/antonblanchard/will-it-scale/
>>
>> Suggested-by: "Huang, Ying" <ying.huang@intel.com>
>> Suggested-by: David Hildenbrand <david@redhat.com>
>> Signed-off-by: ZhangPeng <zhangpeng362@huawei.com>
>> Signed-off-by: Kefeng Wang <wangkefeng.wang@huawei.com>
> LGTM, Thanks!  Feel free to add
>
> Reviewed-by: "Huang, Ying" <ying.huang@intel.com>

Thanks ! 😁

>> ---
>> v3->v4:
>> - Update the performance data and commit message
>> - Check PTE without lock firstly per Huang, Ying
>> - Update comments for recheck function per David Hildenbrand
>> - Simply return 0 to make it easier to read per David Hildenbrand
>> - Check !FAULT_FLAG_ORIG_PTE_VALID instead of pmd_none()
>>
>> v2->v3:
>> - Do this check only if vma is VM_LOCKED per David Hildenbrand
>> - Hold PTL and recheck the PTE
>> - Place the recheck code in a new function filemap_fault_recheck_pte()
>>
>> v1->v2:
>> - Add more test results per Huang, Ying
>> - Add more comments before check PTE per Huang, Ying, David Hildenbrand
>>    and Yin Fengwei
>> - Change pte_offset_map_nolock to pte_offset_map as the PTL won't
>>    be used
>>
>> RFC->v1:
>> - Add error handling when ptep == NULL per Huang, Ying and Matthew
>>    Wilcox
>> - Check the PTE without acquiring PTL in filemap_fault(), suggested by
>>    Huang, Ying and Yin Fengwei
>> - Add pmd_none() check before PTE map
>> - Update commit message and add performance test information
>>
>>   mm/filemap.c | 46 ++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++
>>   1 file changed, 46 insertions(+)
>>
>> diff --git a/mm/filemap.c b/mm/filemap.c
>> index b4858d89f1b1..31ab455c4537 100644
>> --- a/mm/filemap.c
>> +++ b/mm/filemap.c
>> @@ -3181,6 +3181,48 @@ static struct file *do_async_mmap_readahead(struct vm_fault *vmf,
>>   	return fpin;
>>   }
>>   
>> +static vm_fault_t filemap_fault_recheck_pte_none(struct vm_fault *vmf)
>> +{
>> +	struct vm_area_struct *vma = vmf->vma;
>> +	vm_fault_t ret = 0;
>> +	pte_t *ptep;
>> +
>> +	/*
>> +	 * We might have COW'ed a pagecache folio and might now have an mlocked
>> +	 * anon folio mapped. The original pagecache folio is not mlocked and
>> +	 * might have been evicted. During a read+clear/modify/write update of
>> +	 * the PTE, such as done in do_numa_page()/change_pte_range(), we
>> +	 * temporarily clear the PTE under PT lock and might detect it here as
>> +	 * "none" when not holding the PT lock.
>> +	 *
>> +	 * Not rechecking the PTE under PT lock could result in an unexpected
>> +	 * major fault in an mlock'ed region. Recheck only for this special
>> +	 * scenario while holding the PT lock, to not degrade non-mlocked
>> +	 * scenarios. Recheck the PTE without PT lock firstly, thereby reducing
>> +	 * the number of times we hold PT lock.
>> +	 */
>> +	if (!(vma->vm_flags & VM_LOCKED))
>> +		return 0;
>> +
>> +	if (!(vmf->flags & FAULT_FLAG_ORIG_PTE_VALID))
>> +		return 0;
>> +
>> +	ptep = pte_offset_map(vmf->pmd, vmf->address);
>> +	if (unlikely(!ptep))
>> +		return VM_FAULT_NOPAGE;
>> +
>> +	if (unlikely(!pte_none(ptep_get_lockless(ptep)))) {
>> +		ret = VM_FAULT_NOPAGE;
>> +	} else {
>> +		spin_lock(vmf->ptl);
>> +		if (unlikely(!pte_none(ptep_get(ptep))))
>> +			ret = VM_FAULT_NOPAGE;
>> +		spin_unlock(vmf->ptl);
>> +	}
>> +	pte_unmap(ptep);
>> +	return ret;
>> +}
>> +
>>   /**
>>    * filemap_fault - read in file data for page fault handling
>>    * @vmf:	struct vm_fault containing details of the fault
>> @@ -3236,6 +3278,10 @@ vm_fault_t filemap_fault(struct vm_fault *vmf)
>>   			mapping_locked = true;
>>   		}
>>   	} else {
>> +		ret = filemap_fault_recheck_pte_none(vmf);
>> +		if (unlikely(ret))
>> +			return ret;
>> +
>>   		/* No page in the page cache at all */
>>   		count_vm_event(PGMAJFAULT);
>>   		count_memcg_event_mm(vmf->vma->vm_mm, PGMAJFAULT);

-- 
Best Regards,
Peng