From mboxrd@z Thu Jan 1 00:00:00 1970 Received: from casper.infradead.org (casper.infradead.org [90.155.50.34]) (using TLSv1.2 with cipher ECDHE-RSA-AES256-GCM-SHA384 (256/256 bits)) (No client certificate requested) by smtp.subspace.kernel.org (Postfix) with ESMTPS id E868E4FECDD for ; Fri, 2 Oct 2026 17:12:09 +0000 (UTC) Authentication-Results: smtp.subspace.kernel.org; arc=none smtp.client-ip=90.155.50.34 ARC-Seal:i=1; a=rsa-sha256; d=subspace.kernel.org; s=arc-20240116; t=1790961138; cv=none; b=LTHX4YQidu4UWxQLeVKy8p1N18iDgNhNeSjT86ogzy4AK8Skdr/j8MmXy/xxgbcLQ8aDbiO1CVhd/TAhjfQ7tiuNOj1pdEMTYWiAbS/6a4gWnRTIm0sJtXcRMwUm8qnimqu32rJq9JVlySo9fgsEHZKb5OclybsjlB2hIXGag2w= ARC-Message-Signature:i=1; a=rsa-sha256; d=subspace.kernel.org; s=arc-20240116; t=1790961138; c=relaxed/simple; bh=yMhkUjByDYqzV0dE9mrldeJ+8IpXIqF7GQ2bStZTOT4=; h=Message-ID:Subject:From:To:Cc:Date:In-Reply-To:References: Content-Type:MIME-Version; b=I2Le2+3gIsz9eKwacJGhk6zX0mA7i+ktBCLZ9bkeLbOR9zXCuNO8dkBbnB9JF1A5ZYkD5mRvd+hPqkqKa5pmnfVhmgeupVqdczKLaRCvbIH260wDb1q6Vt8O+dR9gesTNfYBeWg2ackc6SFVhjTfty5ZP7C+89erzvT47YwNsws= ARC-Authentication-Results:i=1; smtp.subspace.kernel.org; dmarc=pass (p=none dis=none) header.from=infradead.org; spf=none smtp.mailfrom=casper.srs.infradead.org; dkim=pass (2048-bit key) header.d=infradead.org header.i=@infradead.org header.b=pIeH0WvF; arc=none smtp.client-ip=90.155.50.34 Authentication-Results: smtp.subspace.kernel.org; dmarc=pass (p=none dis=none) header.from=infradead.org Authentication-Results: smtp.subspace.kernel.org; spf=none smtp.mailfrom=casper.srs.infradead.org Authentication-Results: smtp.subspace.kernel.org; dkim=pass (2048-bit key) header.d=infradead.org header.i=@infradead.org header.b="pIeH0WvF" DKIM-Signature: v=1; a=rsa-sha256; q=dns/txt; c=relaxed/relaxed; d=infradead.org; s=casper.20170209; h=MIME-Version:Content-Type:References: In-Reply-To:Date:Cc:To:From:Subject:Message-ID:Sender:Reply-To: Content-Transfer-Encoding:Content-ID:Content-Description; bh=yMhkUjByDYqzV0dE9mrldeJ+8IpXIqF7GQ2bStZTOT4=; b=pIeH0WvF0GOQy+YHmlks6CSh4t JPSxoF0suXwmO0AIBKq6jYtDLdhJZlfPAJddj5hiPzJIuZOWf65mI4h1PLcTlUpZhamYWpSCZBcmj tmyI0YR2AcpDqkRknt/SDSXIZyXPMXlcZ1VfvPu7R6MKUXNe1pGP6P6xuQPkEE8eQ4fE0WUmhec6w 8yPDPtkQ8j1QHYWmyFpBoiWLgfglFMq73c8fs/b6N0EyUNZbHnOxzdEn7hdUsCQ6haZV0odRub3Kn xnSkYfLsJa+w6uOL9p6Hs9FlZKDXC/yU4ErYR4cthXrkPzCe+kw+vgMy3I509zZ+/vCCmBkMAokOc CMdzFukg==; Received: from 54-240-197-239.amazon.com ([54.240.197.239] helo=edge-m2-r2-139.e-iad50.amazon.com) by casper.infradead.org with esmtpsa (Exim 4.99.1 #2 (Red Hat Linux)) id 1xCgng-00000001emW-3RMf; Fri, 02 Oct 2026 17:12:01 +0000 Message-ID: <75d47e6d1406f7bde3b0ceeeeee3ca10a8aea889.camel@infradead.org> Subject: Re: [PATCH 0/2] Optimise ktime_get_snapshot_id() for capture latency From: David Woodhouse To: Mark Rutland Cc: Thomas Gleixner , John Stultz , Stephen Boyd , Miroslav Lichvar , Catalin Marinas , Will Deacon , Marc Zyngier , Daniel Lezcano , Rodolfo Giometti , linux-arm-kernel@lists.infradead.org, linux-kernel@vger.kernel.org Date: Fri, 02 Oct 2026 18:11:59 +0100 In-Reply-To: References: <20261002151938.69857-1-dwmw2@infradead.org> Content-Type: multipart/signed; micalg="sha-256"; protocol="application/pkcs7-signature"; boundary="=-Up/Bh+HndOO4TVan7REo" User-Agent: Evolution 3.62.0-0ubuntu1~ppa1~24.04 Precedence: bulk X-Mailing-List: linux-kernel@vger.kernel.org List-Id: List-Subscribe: List-Unsubscribe: MIME-Version: 1.0 X-SRS-Rewrite: SMTP reverse-path rewritten from by casper.infradead.org. See http://www.infradead.org/rpr.html --=-Up/Bh+HndOO4TVan7REo Content-Type: text/plain; charset="UTF-8" Content-Transfer-Encoding: quoted-printable On Fri, 2026-10-02 at 17:41 +0100, Mark Rutland wrote: > On Fri, Oct 02, 2026 at 04:19:36PM +0100, David Woodhouse wrote: > > Commit 2e27beeb66e4 ("timekeeping: Allow inlining clocksource::read()") > > allows an architecture's primary implementation of clocksource::read() > > to be inlined, apparently because the out-of-line function calls get > > expensive on x86 with certain speculation mitigations. Use the inline > > read in tk_clock_read_snapshot(), and wire it up for arm64 too. > >=20 > > Also bias the clock_id switch() in ktime_get_snapshot_id() for the > > likely() case of CLOCK_REALTIME. > >=20 > > Measured on a Cortex-A53 at 1.35GHz (12.5MHz arch counter), with > > inlined clocksource reads enabled: the interval from a raw counter > > read in the caller to the counter read in ktime_get_snapshot_id() > > drops from 49.9ns to 41.2ns with the inline read, and to 38.8ns with > > the dispatch bias, mean of 1M iterations. > >=20 > > This is unashamedly a microbenchmark but it actually captures a real > > world use case: The time it takes for ktime_get_snapshot_id() to read > > the counter is critical to some users, especially 1PPS signal > > capture. Every nanosecond helps, and for the inline clocksource read, > > the actually *complex* part is already in place; this is just using > > the infrastructure that's already there. >=20 > When I mentioned this on IRC, my complaint about complexity wasn't about > the core code, My conern was with the subtle interactions *within* the > timer driver, and between the timer driver and arch code. >=20 > I don't think it's fair to say that the core code is the singular > complex part. This patch doesn't touch the *complex* part of the arch_timer support with a barge-pole. The inline path is only enabled for the trivial case where !arch_timer_counter_has_wa() and thus the indirect function pointer is guaranteed to do *precisely* the same thing. > Does this show up on any top-level workload, or is the benefit purely > limited to microbenchmarks and timer synchronization? For PPS, my latest experiments show that even with a tight loop *polling* the GPIO directly via MMIO on my test board, the MMIO read takes ~400ns. So I don't think we can claim that the ~8ns I get from the inlining is critical to the PPS use case, no. Rodolfo was concerned about the time taken in ktime_get_snapshot_id(); I responded that I think it's in the noise but there's some low-hanging fruit for making it faster... I think I've fairly much shown that it's in the noise *however* hard we try to reduce the rest of the latency. I think think it's low-hanging fruit though; I guess it comes down to how we view the complexity. As also discussed on IRC before you pointed out that it's a long way to April 1st, the most effective answer for PPS by *far* is to sample the counter as early as possible in the exception handler, and for the PPS IRQ handler to pull it out of pt_regs. https://lore.kernel.org/all/dd7a873caecab6c912e2c0f910d1e46818ea455d.camel@= infradead.org/ I did say I'd post the inline timer patch for posterity and let you shoot it down, and here it is. I'm still not posting the entry.S one :) --=-Up/Bh+HndOO4TVan7REo Content-Type: application/pkcs7-signature; name="smime.p7s" Content-Disposition: attachment; filename="smime.p7s" Content-Transfer-Encoding: base64 MIAGCSqGSIb3DQEHAqCAMIACAQExDzANBglghkgBZQMEAgEFADCABgkqhkiG9w0BBwEAAKCCE8Ew ggWvMIIEl6ADAgECAhANkOKMSmGXhF5eMl0rsRhvMA0GCSqGSIb3DQEBDAUAMGUxCzAJBgNVBAYT AlVTMRUwEwYDVQQKEwxEaWdpQ2VydCBJbmMxGTAXBgNVBAsTEHd3dy5kaWdpY2VydC5jb20xJDAi BgNVBAMTG0RpZ2lDZXJ0IEFzc3VyZWQgSUQgUm9vdCBHMjAeFw0yNDAzMTMwMDAwMDBaFw0zNDAz MTIyMzU5NTlaMGIxCzAJBgNVBAYTAlVTMRcwFQYDVQQKEw5EaWdpQ2VydCwgSW5jLjE6MDgGA1UE AxMxRGlnaUNlcnQgQXNzdXJlZCBHMiBTTUlNRSBSU0E0MDk2IFNIQTM4NCAyMDI0IENBMTCCAiIw DQYJKoZIhvcNAQEBBQADggIPADCCAgoCggIBAOfSIeC0vv1xPQ+dgSxbIIrkaru6skAWJYaGFzmv q4Kq+2wU2jxhcWlJg/JeP5jEkq/LM3pn5aaLao79j+XRmS7J1ZpJKUODJVoM4s9MQJhTMvo4qS5Z S64g6QR7Obkz3I1Lr3aWeSBmDDEyzue+NKtuWZ1Cxy3RdXo/w5HgRc3l2AercOM3Gt1XonTzEtTb Z/Hwc0Sn9Gz8RmGRK6Ka4hVDl8q/2l110KaV233Kh5etP0csXS8MIMdVRfRu3sc5hp13DG7lCKzK 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