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From: "Pekka Enberg" <penberg@cs.helsinki.fi>
To: "Nick Piggin" <nickpiggin@yahoo.com.au>
Cc: "Andrew Morton" <akpm@linux-foundation.org>,
	"Ingo Molnar" <mingo@elte.hu>,
	"Christoph Lameter" <clameter@sgi.com>,
	linux-kernel@vger.kernel.org, linux-mm@vger.kernel.org,
	suresh.b.siddha@intel.com, corey.d.gough@intel.com,
	"Matt Mackall" <mpm@selenic.com>,
	"Denis Vlasenko" <vda.linux@googlemail.com>,
	"Erik Andersen" <andersen@codepoet.org>
Subject: Re: [patch 09/10] Remove the SLOB allocator for 2.6.23
Date: Mon, 9 Jul 2007 15:47:25 +0300	[thread overview]
Message-ID: <84144f020707090547p5ccb1ec7i5197c8312c910551@mail.gmail.com> (raw)
In-Reply-To: <46921928.8020900@yahoo.com.au>

Hi Nick,

Pekka Enberg wrote:
> > I assume with "slab external fragmentation" you mean allocating a
> > whole page for a slab when there are not enough objects to fill the
> > whole thing thus wasting memory?

On 7/9/07, Nick Piggin <nickpiggin@yahoo.com.au> wrote:
> Yep. Without really analysing it, I guess SLOB's savings here are
> O(1) over SLUB and will relatively diminish as the machine size gets
> larger, however with the number of slabs even a small kernel creates,
> this is likely to be significant on small memory systems.

Running the included script on my little Debian on UML with 32 MB of
RAM shows anywhere from 20 KB up to 100 KB of wasted space on light
load. What's interesting is that the wasted amount seems to stabilize
around 70 KB and never goes below that.

                                               Pekka

#!/bin/bash

total_wasted=0

for i in $(find /sys/slab -type d -mindepth 1 -maxdepth 1 | sort)
do
  nr_objs=$(cat $i/objects)
  slabs=$(cat $i/slabs)
  objs_per_slab=$(cat $i/objs_per_slab)
  let "max_objs=$objs_per_slab*$slabs"

  object_size=$(cat $i/object_size)
  let "wasted=($max_objs-$nr_objs)*$object_size"

  if [ "$wasted" -ne "0" ]; then
    echo "$i: max_objs=$max_objs, nr_objs=$nr_objs, $wasted bytes wasted"
  fi
  let "total_wasted=$total_wasted+$wasted"
done

echo "Total wasted: $total_wasted"

  reply	other threads:[~2007-07-09 12:47 UTC|newest]

Thread overview: 86+ messages / expand[flat|nested]  mbox.gz  Atom feed  top
2007-07-08  3:49 [patch 00/10] [RFC] SLUB patches for more functionality, performance and maintenance Christoph Lameter
2007-07-08  3:49 ` [patch 01/10] SLUB: Direct pass through of page size or higher kmalloc requests Christoph Lameter
2007-07-08  3:49 ` [patch 02/10] SLUB: Avoid page struct cacheline bouncing due to remote frees to cpu slab Christoph Lameter
2007-07-08  3:49 ` [patch 03/10] SLUB: Do not use page->mapping Christoph Lameter
2007-07-08  3:49 ` [patch 04/10] SLUB: Move page->offset to kmem_cache_cpu->offset Christoph Lameter
2007-07-08  3:49 ` [patch 05/10] SLUB: Avoid touching page struct when freeing to per cpu slab Christoph Lameter
2007-07-08  3:49 ` [patch 06/10] SLUB: Place kmem_cache_cpu structures in a NUMA aware way Christoph Lameter
2007-07-08  3:49 ` [patch 07/10] SLUB: Optimize cacheline use for zeroing Christoph Lameter
2007-07-08  3:50 ` [patch 08/10] SLUB: Single atomic instruction alloc/free using cmpxchg Christoph Lameter
2007-07-08  3:50 ` [patch 09/10] Remove the SLOB allocator for 2.6.23 Christoph Lameter
2007-07-08  7:51   ` Ingo Molnar
2007-07-08  9:43     ` Nick Piggin
2007-07-08  9:54       ` Ingo Molnar
2007-07-08 10:23         ` Nick Piggin
2007-07-08 10:42           ` Ingo Molnar
2007-07-08 18:02     ` Andrew Morton
2007-07-09  2:57       ` Nick Piggin
2007-07-09 11:04         ` Pekka Enberg
2007-07-09 11:16           ` Nick Piggin
2007-07-09 12:47             ` Pekka Enberg [this message]
2007-07-09 13:46             ` Pekka J Enberg
2007-07-09 16:08           ` Christoph Lameter
2007-07-10  8:17             ` Pekka J Enberg
2007-07-10  8:27               ` Nick Piggin
2007-07-10  9:31                 ` Pekka Enberg
2007-07-10 10:09                   ` Nick Piggin
2007-07-10 12:02                   ` Matt Mackall
2007-07-10 12:57                     ` Pekka J Enberg
2007-07-10 22:12                     ` Christoph Lameter
2007-07-10 22:40                       ` Matt Mackall
2007-07-10 22:50                         ` Christoph Lameter
2007-07-09 16:06         ` Christoph Lameter
2007-07-09 16:51           ` Andrew Morton
2007-07-09 17:26             ` Christoph Lameter
2007-07-09 18:00               ` Andrew Morton
2007-07-10  1:43               ` Nick Piggin
2007-07-10  1:56                 ` Christoph Lameter
2007-07-10  2:02                   ` Nick Piggin
2007-07-10  2:11                     ` Christoph Lameter
2007-07-10  7:09                       ` Nick Piggin
2007-07-10 22:09                         ` Christoph Lameter
2007-07-10 23:12                           ` Matt Mackall
2007-07-10  8:32                       ` Matt Mackall
2007-07-10  9:01                         ` Håvard Skinnemoen
2007-07-10  9:11                           ` Nick Piggin
2007-07-10  9:21                             ` Håvard Skinnemoen
2007-07-11  1:37                         ` Christoph Lameter
2007-07-11  2:06                           ` Matt Mackall
2007-07-11 18:06                             ` Christoph Lameter
2007-07-11 18:25                               ` Pekka J Enberg
2007-07-11 18:33                                 ` Christoph Lameter
2007-07-11 18:36                                   ` Pekka J Enberg
2007-07-12  0:33                                 ` Nick Piggin
2007-07-09 23:09             ` Matt Mackall
2007-07-10  1:41           ` Nick Piggin
2007-07-10  1:51             ` Christoph Lameter
2007-07-10  1:58               ` Nick Piggin
2007-07-10  6:22                 ` Matt Mackall
2007-07-10  7:03                   ` Nick Piggin
2007-07-10  2:32               ` Matt Mackall
2007-07-09 21:57       ` Matt Mackall
2007-07-09 12:31     ` Matthieu CASTET
2007-07-09 16:00     ` Christoph Lameter
2007-07-09 20:52   ` Matt Mackall
2007-07-08  3:50 ` [patch 10/10] Remove slab in 2.6.24 Christoph Lameter
2007-07-08  4:37 ` [patch 00/10] [RFC] SLUB patches for more functionality, performance and maintenance David Miller
2007-07-09 15:45   ` Christoph Lameter
2007-07-09 19:43     ` David Miller
2007-07-09 21:21       ` Christoph Lameter
2007-07-08 11:20 ` Andi Kleen
2007-07-09 15:50   ` Christoph Lameter
2007-07-09 15:59     ` Martin Bligh
2007-07-09 18:11       ` Christoph Lameter
2007-07-09 21:00         ` Martin Bligh
2007-07-09 21:44           ` Mathieu Desnoyers
2007-07-09 21:55             ` Christoph Lameter
2007-07-09 22:58               ` Mathieu Desnoyers
2007-07-09 23:08                 ` Christoph Lameter
2007-07-10  5:16                   ` [PATCH] x86_64 - Use non locked version for local_cmpxchg() Mathieu Desnoyers
2007-07-10 20:46                     ` Christoph Lameter
2007-07-10  0:55                 ` [patch 00/10] [RFC] SLUB patches for more functionality, performance and maintenance Christoph Lameter
2007-07-10  8:27                   ` Mathieu Desnoyers
2007-07-10 18:38                     ` Christoph Lameter
2007-07-10 20:59                     ` Mathieu Desnoyers
2007-08-13 22:18                   ` Mathieu Desnoyers
2007-08-13 22:28                     ` Christoph Lameter

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