Re: [PATCH RFC] fat: use write_inode_now() on flush to avoid racing the flusher

[OGAWA Hirofumi <hirofumi@mail.parknet.co.jp>]

Bryanna Marihugh via B4 Relay
<devnull+bryannamarihugh.manhattantech.edu@kernel.org> writes:

> From: Bryanna Marihugh <bryannamarihugh@manhattantech.edu>
>
> On cheap USB 3.0 sticks, copying a large file to one formatted FAT
> slows down badly when the background flusher runs at the same time.
> This only impacts performance; it does not corrupt data.
>
> udisks mounts FAT with the flush option, so closing a written file
> calls fat_flush_inodes(), which starts writeback of the data with
> filemap_fdatawrite(). That does not set I_SYNC, so the flusher starts
> at the same time, which causes lots of small requests.
>
> Cheap controllers handle small writes poorly and sometimes stall for
> seconds. I have found this to be a problem on many cheap USB 3 drives.
> Older USB2 hardware, better drives and ones that support UASP
> don't show this behavior.
>
> Use write_inode_now(inode, 1) instead. It goes through
> writeback_single_inode(), which sets I_SYNC while it writes.
> Close now also waits for the data and the directory entry to be written.
>
> Benchmark copying a 3 GiB file to a USB 3 stick (PNY, 154b:00ed),
> default writeback settings: 11.6-16.3 MB/s before, 17.6-18.0 MB/s after.
>
> Signed-off-by: Bryanna Marihugh <bryannamarihugh@manhattantech.edu>
> ---
> This is a performance fix for cheap USB 3 sticks on FAT mounted with
> flush (the udisks default). It stops close and the flusher from writing
> the same file at the same time.
>
> Tested on v7.2.12 (stock and patched) and mainline c339f4010dea
> (patched), bare metal, same stick. With the flusher kept busy
> (dirty_background_bytes=256M, dirty_writeback_centisecs=100) cp goes
> from 6.8-8.7 to 13.5-17.4 MB/s. With the patch one task writes the file
> and 96-100% of data bios are 768 KiB or larger (4-16% before).
>
> Only measured on one usb-storage stick. UAS drives I have used did not
> show the slowdown, but I haven't traced them.
>
> fsync() and sync_bdevs() can race the flusher the same way on other
> filesystems. I kept this patch to FAT, but have numbers for exFAT, ext4
> and btrfs if useful.
>
> I am a sysadmin not a C dev haven't written it much since school and so
> did use an LLM for help reading the writeback code, analysing the block
> traces and drafting the patch and text and who to email. I typed,
> reviewed and tested the change myself and feel confident that I
> understand it and can answer questions.

Looks like this waits the I/O, and sounds like optimization only for
specific drives. Well, so no slowdown for other drives by this patch?

Thanks.

> ---
>  fs/fat/inode.c | 21 +++++----------------
>  1 file changed, 5 insertions(+), 16 deletions(-)
>
> diff --git a/fs/fat/inode.c b/fs/fat/inode.c
> index d85c8fbdcca4..0643244223c5 100644
> --- a/fs/fat/inode.c
> +++ b/fs/fat/inode.c
> @@ -1911,28 +1911,17 @@ EXPORT_SYMBOL_GPL(fat_fill_super);
>  
>  /*
>   * helper function for fat_flush_inodes.  This writes both the inode
> - * and the file data blocks, waiting for in flight data blocks before
> - * the start of the call.  It does not wait for any io started
> - * during the call
> + * and the file data blocks, waiting for in flight data blocks and
> + * ones it starts. write_inode_now() takes I_SYNC, so the flusher
> + * does not try to write at the same time.
>   */
>  static int writeback_inode(struct inode *inode)
>  {
> -
> -	int ret;
> -
> -	/* if we used wait=1, sync_inode_metadata waits for the io for the
> -	* inode to finish.  So wait=0 is sent down to sync_inode_metadata
> -	* and filemap_fdatawrite is used for the data blocks
> -	*/
> -	ret = sync_inode_metadata(inode, 0);
> -	if (!ret)
> -		ret = filemap_fdatawrite(inode->i_mapping);
> -	return ret;
> +	return write_inode_now(inode, 1);
>  }
>  
>  /*
> - * write data and metadata corresponding to i1 and i2.  The io is
> - * started but we do not wait for any of it to finish.
> + * write data and metadata corresponding to i1 and i2 and wait for them.
>   *
>   * filemap_flush is used for the block device, so if there is a dirty
>   * page for a block already in flight, we will not wait and start the
>
> ---
> base-commit: c339f4010dea8b0d754f84ace70cd1b089878ef8
> change-id: 20261029-fat-flush-isync-ae828e018ee0
>
> Best regards,

-- 
OGAWA Hirofumi <hirofumi@mail.parknet.co.jp>