Rogier Wolff writes: > The way to fix this would be to be able to assign a higher cache > priority (*) to the blocks in the FAT, and to read more than just 4k > per seek to the FAT. I tried it by attached *stupid* patch. copying 500M data root@devron (x)[1014]# time dd if=/dev/hda6 bs=1M count=500 > /dev/null 500+0 records in 500+0 records out 524288000 bytes transferred in 44.988916 seconds (11653715 bytes/sec) real 0m45.011s user 0m0.008s sys 0m8.723s 2.5.70-bk9 root@devron (a)[1032]# time dd if=file bs=1M count=500 > /dev/null 500+0 records in 500+0 records out 524288000 bytes transferred in 75.510951 seconds (6943205 bytes/sec) real 1m15.538s user 0m0.015s sys 0m16.493s 2.5.70-bk9+patch root@devron (a)[1024]# time dd if=file bs=1M count=500 > /dev/null 500+0 records in 500+0 records out 524288000 bytes transferred in 52.034399 seconds (10075796 bytes/sec) real 0m52.041s user 0m0.006s sys 0m17.594s You're right. It seems that that optimization has sufficient effect to non fragment file. Thanks. -- OGAWA Hirofumi