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Mon, 17 Jun 2024 14:25:15 +0000 (UTC) From: Gagan Sidhu Content-Type: text/plain; charset=utf-8 Content-Transfer-Encoding: quoted-printable Precedence: bulk X-Mailing-List: linux-kernel@vger.kernel.org List-Id: List-Subscribe: List-Unsubscribe: Mime-Version: 1.0 (Mac OS X Mail 12.4 \(3445.104.21\)) Subject: Re: [PATCH v2] ubi: gluebi: Fix NULL pointer dereference caused by ftl notifier Message-Id: Date: Mon, 17 Jun 2024 08:25:12 -0600 Cc: Artem.Bityutskiy@nokia.com, chengzhihao1@huawei.com, dpervushin@embeddedalley.com, linux-kernel@vger.kernel.org, linux-mtd@lists.infradead.org, miquel.raynal@bootlin.com, richard@nod.at, vigneshr@ti.com, yangerkun@huawei.com, yi.zhang@huawei.com To: wangzhaolong1@huawei.com X-Mailer: Apple Mail (2.3445.104.21) X-Proofpoint-GUID: Aqszb2HpPTB-wgh-vcKv2VIU86Oo14dd X-Proofpoint-ORIG-GUID: Aqszb2HpPTB-wgh-vcKv2VIU86Oo14dd X-Proofpoint-Virus-Version: vendor=baseguard engine=ICAP:2.0.272,Aquarius:18.0.1039,Hydra:6.0.680,FMLib:17.12.28.16 definitions=2024-06-17_12,2024-06-17_01,2024-05-17_01 X-Proofpoint-Spam-Details: rule=notspam policy=default score=0 spamscore=0 mlxscore=0 phishscore=0 malwarescore=0 bulkscore=0 adultscore=0 suspectscore=0 mlxlogscore=999 clxscore=1011 classifier=spam adjust=0 reason=mlx scancount=1 engine=8.19.0-2308100000 definitions=main-2406170112 hi, this patch isn=E2=80=99t a good one. it must be reverted. the problem with mr wang's changes is that it breaks expected mounting = behaviour of a filesystem within an UBI, as is the case for openwrt. i am surprised no one has raised the issue about this. i see mr raynal = did raise an issue with one of mr zhihao=E2=80=99s fundamental errors: https://lore.kernel.org/lkml/20231027194026.1bc32dfe@xps-13/ > Therefore, this problem can be avoided by preventing gluebi > from creating mtdblock devices. this is absolutely wrong. typically what happens is we will wrap a squashfs filesystem inside a = UBI layer. openwrt people call this =E2=80=9Cubinising=E2=80=9D the root = filesystem. then, after we label the appropriate nand partitions as =E2=80=98uimage,fw= =E2=80=99 to call the right mtdsplit, the mtd_ubi subsystem works its = magic automatically, as long as the root partition is named = =E2=80=9Crootfs=E2=80=9D. at that point, the rootfs will be *AUTOMATICALLY* mounted AND booted = from BY THE KERNEL. that is, no cmdline hacks are required. this patch breaks that behaviour since mr wang=E2=80=99s additional = conditions result in the failure of the partition to get added to the = mtd list, and thus fails mount. i have attached a log of this behaviour. and by removing mr wang=E2=80=99s= =E2=80=9Cfixes=E2=80=9D, it mounts as we would expect. this change must be reverted. extremely surprised the openwrt team has = not raised issues over this by now. ``` 3: System Boot system code via Flash. ## Booting image at bc180000 ... Image Name: DD-WRT v24 Linux Kernel Imag Image Type: MIPS Linux Kernel Image (lzma compressed) Data Size: 3875031 Bytes =3D 3.7 MB Load Address: 80001000 Entry Point: 807d9e20 ............................................................ Verifying = Checksum ... OK Uncompressing Kernel Image ... OK No initrd ## Transferring control to Linux (at address 807d9e20) ... ## Giving linux memsize in MB, 256 Starting kernel ... [ 0.000000] Linux version 4.14.348-openela-rt159 ( Gagan@GagansMacPro.local ) (gcc version 14.1.0 (GCC)) #5426 SMP Sat Jun 15 07:23:17 MDT 2024 [ 0.000000] SoC Type: MediaTek MT7621 ver:1 eco:3 [ 0.000000] bootconsole [early0] enabled [ 0.000000] CPU0 revision is: 0001992f (MIPS 1004Kc) [ 0.000000] MIPS: machine is D-Link DIR-2640 rev. A1 [ 0.000000] Determined physical RAM map: [ 0.000000] memory: 10000000 @ 00000000 (usable) [ 0.000000] VPE topology {2,2} total 4 [ 0.000000] Primary instruction cache 32kB, VIPT, 4-way, linesize 32 = bytes. [ 0.000000] Primary data cache 32kB, 4-way, PIPT, no aliases, = linesize 32 bytes [ 0.000000] MIPS secondary cache 256kB, 8-way, linesize 32 bytes. [ 0.000000] Zone ranges: [ 0.000000] DMA [mem 0x0000000000000000-0x0000000000ffffff] [ 0.000000] Normal [mem 0x0000000001000000-0x000000000fffffff] [ 0.000000] HighMem empty [ 0.000000] Movable zone start for each node [ 0.000000] Early memory node ranges [ 0.000000] node 0: [mem 0x0000000000000000-0x000000000fffffff] [ 0.000000] Initmem setup node 0 [mem = 0x0000000000000000-0x000000000fffffff] [ 0.000000] percpu: Embedded 15 pages/cpu s30672 r8192 d22576 u61440 [ 0.000000] Built 1 zonelists, mobility grouping on. Total pages: = 65024 [ 0.000000] Kernel command line: console=3DttyS0,57600n8 [ 0.000000] log_buf_len individual max cpu contribution: 4096 bytes [ 0.000000] log_buf_len total cpu_extra contributions: 12288 bytes [ 0.000000] log_buf_len min size: 16384 bytes [ 0.000000] log_buf_len: 32768 bytes [ 0.000000] early log buf free: 14216(86%) [ 0.000000] PID hash table entries: 1024 (order: 0, 4096 bytes) [ 0.000000] Dentry cache hash table entries: 32768 (order: 5, 131072 = bytes) [ 0.000000] Inode-cache hash table entries: 16384 (order: 4, 65536 = bytes) [ 0.000000] Writing ErrCtl register=3D000412fa [ 0.000000] Readback ErrCtl register=3D000412fa [ 0.000000] Memory: 247980K/262144K available (8061K kernel code, = 892K rwdata, 1568K rodata, 280K init, 733K bss, 14164K reserved, 0K = cma-reserved, 0K highmem) [ 0.000000] SLUB: HWalign=3D32, Order=3D0-3, MinObjects=3D0, CPUs=3D4, = Nodes=3D1 [ 0.000000] Hierarchical RCU implementation. [ 0.000000] NR_IRQS: 256 [ 0.000000] CPU Clock: 880MHz [ 0.000000] clocksource: GIC: mask: 0xffffffffffffffff max_cycles: = 0xcaf478abb4, max_idle_ns: 440795247997 ns [ 0.000000] clocksource: MIPS: mask: 0xffffffff max_cycles: = 0xffffffff, max_idle_ns: 4343773742 ns [ 0.000009] sched_clock: 32 bits at 440MHz, resolution 2ns, wraps = every 4880645118ns [ 0.015565] Calibrating delay loop... 583.68 BogoMIPS (lpj=3D1167360) [ 0.055919] pid_max: default: 4096 minimum: 301 [ 0.065064] Mount-cache hash table entries: 1024 (order: 0, 4096 = bytes) [ 0.078089] Mountpoint-cache hash table entries: 1024 (order: 0, 4096 = bytes) [ 0.093805] Hierarchical SRCU implementation. [ 0.103082] smp: Bringing up secondary CPUs ... [ 0.113986] Primary instruction cache 32kB, VIPT, 4-way, linesize 32 = bytes. [ 0.113994] Primary data cache 32kB, 4-way, PIPT, no aliases, = linesize 32 bytes [ 0.114004] MIPS secondary cache 256kB, 8-way, linesize 32 bytes. [ 0.114122] CPU1 revision is: 0001992f (MIPS 1004Kc) [ 0.140246] Synchronize counters for CPU 1: done. [ 0.205804] Primary instruction cache 32kB, VIPT, 4-way, linesize 32 = bytes. [ 0.205812] Primary data cache 32kB, 4-way, PIPT, no aliases, = linesize 32 bytes [ 0.205818] MIPS secondary cache 256kB, 8-way, linesize 32 bytes. [ 0.205878] CPU2 revision is: 0001992f (MIPS 1004Kc) [ 0.239402] Synchronize counters for CPU 2: done. [ 0.300999] Primary instruction cache 32kB, VIPT, 4-way, linesize 32 = bytes. [ 0.301006] Primary data cache 32kB, 4-way, PIPT, no aliases, = linesize 32 bytes [ 0.301013] MIPS secondary cache 256kB, 8-way, linesize 32 bytes. [ 0.301082] CPU3 revision is: 0001992f (MIPS 1004Kc) [ 0.327024] Synchronize counters for CPU 3: done. [ 0.386624] smp: Brought up 1 node, 4 CPUs [ 0.395319] devtmpfs: initialized [ 0.405072] clocksource: jiffies: mask: 0xffffffff max_cycles: = 0xffffffff, max_idle_ns: 7645041785100000 ns [ 0.424361] futex hash table entries: 16 (order: -3, 512 bytes) [ 0.436154] pinctrl core: initialized pinctrl subsystem [ 0.447323] NET: Registered protocol family 16 [ 0.456700] cpuidle: using governor menu [ 0.484220] pull PCIe RST: RALINK_RSTCTRL =3D 4000000 [ 0.794105] release PCIe RST: RALINK_RSTCTRL =3D 7000000 [ 0.804176] ***** Xtal 40MHz ***** [ 0.810918] release PCIe RST: RALINK_RSTCTRL =3D 7000000 [ 0.821113] Port 0 N_FTS =3D 1b105000 [ 0.828025] Port 1 N_FTS =3D 1b105000 [ 0.834937] Port 2 N_FTS =3D 1b102800 [ 1.992951] PCIE2 no card, disable it(RST&CLK) [ 2.001641] -> 21007f2 [ 2.006479] PCIE0 enabled [ 2.011663] PCIE1 enabled [ 2.016858] PCI host bridge /pcie@1e140000 ranges: [ 2.026367] MEM 0x0000000060000000..0x000000006fffffff [ 2.036726] IO 0x000000001e160000..0x000000001e16ffff [ 2.047093] PCI coherence region base: 0x60000000, mask/settings: = 0xf0000002 [ 2.066762] mt7621_gpio 1e000600.gpio: registering 32 gpios [ 2.078058] mt7621_gpio 1e000600.gpio: registering 32 gpios [ 2.089214] mt7621_gpio 1e000600.gpio: registering 32 gpios [ 2.100683] vgaarb: loaded [ 2.106249] SCSI subsystem initialized [ 2.113766] usbcore: registered new interface driver usbfs [ 2.124606] usbcore: registered new interface driver hub [ 2.135129] usbcore: registered new device driver usb [ 2.145477] i2c-mt7621 1e000900.i2c: clock 100KHz, re-start not = support [ 2.158813] PCI host bridge to bus 0000:00 [ 2.166839] pci_bus 0000:00: root bus resource [mem = 0x60000000-0x6fffffff] [ 2.180477] pci_bus 0000:00: root bus resource [io = 0x1e160000-0x1e16ffff] [ 2.194129] pci_bus 0000:00: root bus resource [??? 0x00000000 flags = 0x0] [ 2.207606] pci_bus 0000:00: No busn resource found for root bus, = will use [bus 00-ff] [ 2.224155] pci 0000:01:00.0: 2.000 Gb/s available PCIe bandwidth, = limited by 2.5 GT/s x1 link at 0000:00:00.0 (capable of 4.000 Gb/s with = 5 GT/s x1 link) [ 2.251939] pci 0000:02:00.0: 2.000 Gb/s available PCIe bandwidth, = limited by 2.5 GT/s x1 link at 0000:00:01.0 (capable of 4.000 Gb/s with = 5 GT/s x1 link) [ 2.279470] pci 0000:00:00.0: BAR 0: no space for [mem size = 0x80000000] [ 2.292494] pci 0000:00:00.0: BAR 0: failed to assign [mem size = 0x80000000] [ 2.306313] pci 0000:00:01.0: BAR 0: no space for [mem size = 0x80000000] [ 2.319449] pci 0000:00:01.0: BAR 0: failed to assign [mem size = 0x80000000] [ 2.333277] pci 0000:00:00.0: BAR 8: assigned [mem = 0x60000000-0x600fffff] [ 2.346755] pci 0000:00:01.0: BAR 8: assigned [mem = 0x60100000-0x601fffff] [ 2.360233] pci 0000:00:00.0: BAR 1: assigned [mem = 0x60200000-0x6020ffff] [ 2.373709] pci 0000:00:01.0: BAR 1: assigned [mem = 0x60210000-0x6021ffff] [ 2.387208] pci 0000:01:00.0: BAR 0: assigned [mem = 0x60000000-0x600fffff 64bit] [ 2.401712] pci 0000:00:00.0: PCI bridge to [bus 01] [ 2.411548] pci 0000:00:00.0: bridge window [mem = 0x60000000-0x600fffff] [ 2.425039] pci 0000:02:00.0: BAR 0: assigned [mem = 0x60100000-0x601fffff 64bit] [ 2.439555] pci 0000:00:01.0: PCI bridge to [bus 02] [ 2.449396] pci 0000:00:01.0: bridge window [mem = 0x60100000-0x601fffff] [ 2.463554] clocksource: Switched to clocksource GIC [ 2.474753] NET: Registered protocol family 2 [ 2.483561] IP idents hash table entries: 4096 (order: 3, 32768 = bytes) [ 2.497245] TCP established hash table entries: 2048 (order: 1, 8192 = bytes) [ 2.511002] TCP bind hash table entries: 2048 (order: 2, 16384 bytes) [ 2.523798] TCP: Hash tables configured (established 2048 bind 2048) [ 2.536493] UDP hash table entries: 128 (order: 0, 4096 bytes) [ 2.547983] UDP-Lite hash table entries: 128 (order: 0, 4096 bytes) [ 2.560657] NET: Registered protocol family 1 [ 2.659518] 4 CPUs re-calibrate udelay(lpj =3D 1163264) [ 2.670337] workingset: timestamp_bits=3D30 max_order=3D16 = bucket_order=3D0 [ 2.689246] squashfs: version 4.0 (2009/01/31) Phillip Lougher [ 2.709543] io scheduler noop registered [ 2.717554] io scheduler cfq registered (default) [ 2.726769] io scheduler mq-deadline registered [ 2.735774] io scheduler kyber registered [ 2.744477] mtk_hsdma 1e007000.hsdma: Using 3 as missing dma-requests = property [ 2.758985] mtk_hsdma 1e007000.hsdma: MediaTek HSDMA driver = registered [ 2.823896] serial8250_init [ 2.829315] Serial: 8250/16550 driver, 2 ports, IRQ sharing disabled [ 2.843297] console [ttyS0] disabled [ 2.850333] 1e000c00.uartlite: ttyS0 at MMIO 0x1e000c00 (irq =3D 19, = base_baud =3D 3125000) is a 16550A [ 2.868297] console [ttyS0] enabled [ 2.868297] console [ttyS0] enabled [ 2.882070] bootconsole [early0] disabled [ 2.882070] bootconsole [early0] disabled [ 2.898446] Ralink gpio driver initialized:power_gpio[8] [ 2.910106] MediaTek Nand driver init, version v2.1 Fix AHB virt2phys = error [ 2.924094] Enable NFI Clock [ 2.929829] # MTK NAND # : Use HW ECC [ 2.937139] Device not found, ID: c8d1 [ 2.944610] Not Support this Device! [ 2.952075] chip_mode=3D00000001 [ 2.958157] Support this Device in MTK table! c8d1 [ 2.968055] [NAND]select ecc bit:4, sparesize :64 spare_per_sector=3D16= [ 2.980930] nand: device found, Manufacturer ID: 0xc8, Chip ID: 0xd1 [ 2.993590] nand: ESMT NAND 128MiB 3,3V 8-bit [ 3.002281] nand: 128 MiB, SLC, erase size: 128 KiB, page size: 2048, = OOB size: 64 [ 3.017376] Scanning device for bad blocks [ 3.169277] MT7621-NAND: parsing partitions cmdlinepart [ 3.180264] MT7621-NAND: got parser (null) [ 3.188484] 9 fixed-partitions partitions found on MTD device = MT7621-NAND [ 3.202005] Creating 9 MTD partitions on "MT7621-NAND": [ 3.212430] 0x000000000000-0x000000080000 : "Bootloader" [ 3.224024] 0x0000000c0000-0x000000100000 : "Config" [ 3.234684] 0x000000100000-0x000000140000 : "Factory" [ 3.245518] 0x000000140000-0x000000180000 : "Config2" [ 3.256379] 0x000000180000-0x000002d80000 : "sysv" [ 3.895176] 1 squashfs-split partitions found on MTD device sysv [ 3.907164] 0x0000005c1000-0x000002d60000 : "ddwrt" [ 3.920925] 2 uimage-fw partitions found on MTD device sysv [ 3.932031] Creating 2 MTD partitions on "sysv": [ 3.941232] 0x000000000000-0x000000400000 : "kernel" [ 3.951995] 0x000000400000-0x000002c00000 : "ubi" [ 3.962325] 0x000002d80000-0x000004d80000 : "private" [ 3.973322] 0x000004d80000-0x000007580000 : "firmware2" [ 3.984759] 0x000007580000-0x000007b80000 : "mydlink" [ 3.995699] 0x000007b80000-0x000008000000 : "reserved" [ 4.006687] [mtk_nand] probe successfully! [ 4.015584] Signature matched and data read! [ 4.024090] load_fact_bbt success 1023 [ 4.031931] tun: Universal TUN/TAP device driver, 1.6 [ 4.042377] CHIP_ID =3D MT7621 [ 4.048133] WAN at P4 [ 4.052659] GMAC1 support rgmii [ 4.058911] GE1_RGMII_FORCE_1000 [ 4.065348] GMAC2 support rgmii [ 4.071606] RGMII_AN (Internal GigaPhy) [ 4.079973] STD_v0.1 1024 rx/2048 tx descriptors allocated, mtu =3D = 1500! [ 4.094358] set CLK_CFG_0 =3D 0x40a00020!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!1 [ 4.105108] trgmii_set_7621 Completed!! [ 4.324297] MT7530 Reset Completed!! [ 4.340754] trgmii_set_7530 Completed!! [ 4.348739] change HW-TRAP to 0x17c8f [ 4.360357] set LAN/WAN LLLLW [ 4.374100] eth3: =3D=3D=3D> virtualif_open [ 4.381646] =3D=3D MT7530 MCM =3D=3D [ 4.387482] PPP generic driver version 2.4.2 [ 4.396233] PPP BSD Compression module registered [ 4.405603] PPP Deflate Compression module registered [ 4.415687] PPP MPPE Compression module registered [ 4.425229] NET: Registered protocol family 24 [ 4.434106] register mt_drv [ 4.439738] bus=3D0x1, slot =3D 0x0, irq=3D0x0 [ 4.472239] [ 4.472239] =3D=3D pAd =3D c0181000, size =3D 6632704, Status=3D0 =3D=3D= [ 4.486132] pAd->PciHif.CSRBaseAddress =3D0xc0080000, = csr_addr=3D0xc0080000! [ 4.499531] RTMPInitPCIeDevice():device_id=3D0x7615 [ 4.508911] mt_pci_chip_cfg(): HWVer=3D0x8a10, FWVer=3D0x8a10, = pAd->ChipID=3D0x7615 [ 4.523136] mt_pci_chip_cfg(): HIF_SYS_REV=3D0x76150001 [ 4.533196] AP Driver version-5.1.0.0 [ 4.540493] RtmpChipOpsHook(223): Not support for HIF_MT yet! = MACVersion=3D0x0 [ 4.554527] mt7615_init()--> [ 4.560266] Use 1st ePAeLNA default bin. [ 4.568078] Use 0st /etc/wlan/mt7615e.eeprom.bin default bin. [ 4.579550] <--mt7615_init() [ 4.589234] <-- RTMPAllocTxRxRingMemory, Status=3D0 [ 4.599438] bus=3D0x2, slot =3D 0x1, irq=3D0x0 [ 4.631995] [ 4.631995] =3D=3D pAd =3D c0901000, size =3D 6632704, Status=3D0 =3D=3D= [ 4.645884] pAd->PciHif.CSRBaseAddress =3D0xc0800000, = csr_addr=3D0xc0800000! [ 4.659234] RTMPInitPCIeDevice():device_id=3D0x7615 [ 4.668612] mt_pci_chip_cfg(): HWVer=3D0x8a10, FWVer=3D0x8a10, = pAd->ChipID=3D0x7615 [ 4.682820] mt_pci_chip_cfg(): HIF_SYS_REV=3D0x76150001 [ 4.692879] AP Driver version-5.1.0.0 [ 4.700175] RtmpChipOpsHook(223): Not support for HIF_MT yet! = MACVersion=3D0x0 [ 4.714208] mt7615_init()--> [ 4.719946] Use 2nd ePAeLNA default bin. [ 4.727767] Use 1st /etc/wlan/mt7615e.eeprom.bin default bin. [ 4.739224] <--mt7615_init() [ 4.748896] <-- RTMPAllocTxRxRingMemory, Status=3D0 [ 4.759057] rdm_major =3D 255 [ 4.765124] xhci-mtk 1e1c0000.xhci: xHCI Host Controller [ 4.775743] xhci-mtk 1e1c0000.xhci: new USB bus registered, assigned = bus number 1 [ 4.799681] xhci-mtk 1e1c0000.xhci: hcc params 0x01401198 hci version = 0x96 quirks 0x0000000000290010 [ 4.817950] xhci-mtk 1e1c0000.xhci: irq 22, io mem 0x1e1c0000 [ 4.830260] hub 1-0:1.0: USB hub found [ 4.837822] hub 1-0:1.0: 2 ports detected [ 4.846283] xhci-mtk 1e1c0000.xhci: xHCI Host Controller [ 4.856910] xhci-mtk 1e1c0000.xhci: new USB bus registered, assigned = bus number 2 [ 4.871846] xhci-mtk 1e1c0000.xhci: Host supports USB 3.0 SuperSpeed [ 4.884885] usb usb2: We don't know the algorithms for LPM for this = host, disabling LPM. [ 4.901675] hub 2-0:1.0: USB hub found [ 4.909226] hub 2-0:1.0: 1 port detected [ 4.917608] usbcore: registered new interface driver usblp [ 4.928659] usbcore: registered new interface driver usb-storage [ 4.940727] usbcore: registered new interface driver usbserial [ 5.007737] rtc-pcf8563 0-0051: registered as rtc0 [ 5.031606] i2c /dev entries driver [ 5.038842] Ralink APSoC Hardware Watchdog Timer [ 5.049311] usbcore: registered new interface driver usbhid [ 5.060419] usbhid: USB HID core driver [ 5.068615] u32 classifier [ 5.074005] Performance counters on [ 5.081638] Actions configured [ 5.088434] Netfilter messages via NETLINK v0.30. [ 5.098071] nf_conntrack version 0.5.0 (4096 buckets, 16384 max) [ 5.110321] ctnetlink v0.93: registering with nfnetlink. [ 5.121402] ipip: IPv4 and MPLS over IPv4 tunneling driver [ 5.132985] ip_tables: (C) 2000-2006 Netfilter Core Team [ 5.144546] NET: Registered protocol family 10 [ 5.155889] Segment Routing with IPv6 [ 5.163303] NET: Registered protocol family 17 [ 5.172292] Bridge firewalling registered [ 5.180281] 8021q: 802.1Q VLAN Support v1.8 [ 5.189452] registered taskstats version 1 [ 5.198914] searching for nvram [ 5.279016] found nvram at 0, name:Config, contributed bytes:262144 [ 5.328401] nvram empty [ 5.407013] found nvram at 1, name:Config2, contributed bytes:262144 [ 5.456567] nvram empty [ 5.462504] auto-attach mtd7 [ 5.462525] ubi0: default fastmap pool size: 15 [ 5.477309] ubi0: default fastmap WL pool size: 7 [ 5.486683] ubi0: attaching mtd7 [ 5.811240] UBI: EOF marker found, PEBs from 273 will be erased [ 5.811299] ubi0: scanning is finished [ 5.874546] gluebi (pid 1): gluebi_resized: got update notification = for unknown UBI device 0 volume 1 [ 5.892927] ubi0: volume 1 ("rootfs_data") re-sized from 9 to 28 LEBs [ 5.906683] ubi0: attached mtd7 (name "ubi", size 40 MiB) [ 5.917446] ubi0: PEB size: 131072 bytes (128 KiB), LEB size: 126976 = bytes [ 5.931132] ubi0: min./max. I/O unit sizes: 2048/2048, sub-page size = 2048 [ 5.944654] ubi0: VID header offset: 2048 (aligned 2048), data = offset: 4096 [ 5.958513] ubi0: good PEBs: 320, bad PEBs: 0, corrupted PEBs: 0 [ 5.970472] ubi0: user volume: 2, internal volumes: 1, max. volumes = count: 128 [ 5.984859] ubi0: max/mean erase counter: 1/0, WL threshold: 4096, = image sequence number: 1613475955 [ 6.003045] ubi0: available PEBs: 0, total reserved PEBs: 320, PEBs = reserved for bad PEB handling: 15 [ 6.021426] rootfs: parsing partitions cmdlinepart [ 6.021444] ubi0: background thread "ubi_bgt0d" started, PID 97 [ 6.043694] rootfs: got parser (null) [ 6.051426] mtd: device 12 (rootfs) set to be root filesystem [ 6.062891] rootfs_data: parsing partitions cmdlinepart [ 6.073669] rootfs_data: got parser (null) [ 6.211240] block ubiblock0_0: created from ubi0:0(rootfs) [ 6.259545] rtc-pcf8563 0-0051: hctosys: unable to read the hardware = clock [ 6.282125] VFS: Cannot open root device "(null)" or = unknown-block(31,12): error -6 [ 6.297406] Please append a correct "root=3D" boot option; here are = the available partitions: [ 6.314054] 1f00 512 mtdblock0 [ 6.314060] (driver?) [ 6.327077] 1f01 256 mtdblock1 [ 6.327081] (driver?) [ 6.340101] 1f02 256 mtdblock2 [ 6.340105] (driver?) [ 6.353124] 1f03 256 mtdblock3 [ 6.353129] (driver?) [ 6.366153] 1f04 45056 mtdblock4 [ 6.366158] (driver?) [ 6.379175] 1f05 40572 mtdblock5 [ 6.379179] (driver?) [ 6.392217] 1f06 4096 mtdblock6 [ 6.392222] (driver?) [ 6.405240] 1f07 40960 mtdblock7 [ 6.405244] (driver?) [ 6.418272] 1f08 32768 mtdblock8 [ 6.418277] (driver?) [ 6.431296] 1f09 40960 mtdblock9 [ 6.431300] (driver?) [ 6.444324] 1f0a 6144 mtdblock10 [ 6.444328] (driver?) [ 6.457518] 1f0b 4608 mtdblock11 [ 6.457523] (driver?) [ 6.470720] fe00 33604 ubiblock0_0 [ 6.470724] (driver?) [ 6.484090] Kernel panic - not syncing: VFS: Unable to mount root fs = on unknown-block(31,12) [ 6.500892] Rebooting in 1 seconds.. ``` bless, g Thanks, Gagan Thanks, Gagan