[PATCH v6] ext4: fix slab-use-after-free in do_split()

[Shuai Liu <847807867@qq.com>]

do_split() allocates a new directory block with ext4_append() to hold
the second half of the entries of the leaf block being split, then
dx_move_dirents() copies entries from the old block (*bh) into the new
one (bh2).  Nothing verifies that the newly allocated block differs
from the block being split.

On a filesystem whose block bitmap is inconsistent with the directory
tree, a block already referenced as a directory leaf or as an htree
index block can still be marked free, so ext4_append() can return that
same block.  With concurrent operations on such a filesystem (as
exercised by the syzbot reproducer), the block can even be freed
between allocations, resulting in bh2 aliasing *bh.  dx_move_dirents()
then copies the block onto itself, corrupting directory entries
mid-copy: a rec_len field can be overwritten with name bytes, so the
subsequent wipe of the stale entry memset()s a bogus length, causing
the slab-use-after-free reported by syzbot.

The same aliasing applies to the htree index blocks.  If the leaf
block or a newly allocated block aliases an index frame, the index
header can be overwritten before do_split() runs (add_dirent_to_buf()
inserting into an aliased leaf, make_indexed_dir() moving the dirents
into an aliased new block, the index split in ext4_dx_add_entry()
copying entries into an aliased buffer), letting dx_insert_block()
memmove() out of bounds with a corrupted count and dx_release() loop
past the frames[] array (or leak frames) with a corrupted
indirect_levels.

Fix this by checking for these aliases before any directory block
contents are modified, and bailing out with -EFSCORRUPTED, reporting
the corruption via ext4_error_inode_block():

  - make_indexed_dir(): after ext4_append(), before moving the
    dirents out of the root block
  - ext4_dx_add_entry(): after reading the leaf block and after
    ext4_append() in the index split, before the entries are copied
  - do_split(): for *bh and bh2 against all frames[0..level]

Reported-by: syzbot+09bec78ee77613a3efdd@syzkaller.appspotmail.com
Closes: https://syzkaller.appspot.com/bug?extid=09bec78ee77613a3efdd
Fixes: 1da177e4c3f4 ("Linux-2.6.12-rc2")
Cc: stable@vger.kernel.org
Signed-off-by: Shuai Liu <847807867@qq.com>
Changes in v6:
  - Move the aliasing checks to every point where a directory buffer
    is obtained for an htree operation, before its contents are
    modified, as the checks inside do_split() were too late for three
    paths (Sashiko):
    * make_indexed_dir(): an aliased ext4_append() result would be
      memcpy()ed and memset()ed before do_split() could check it
    * ext4_dx_add_entry(): add_dirent_to_buf() would insert into a
      leaf block aliasing an already-verified index block right after
      the read, and the index split would copy entries into an
      aliased ext4_append() buffer before do_split() is reached
  - Extend the commit message accordingly (Sashiko)

---
 fs/ext4/namei.c | 68 ++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++---
 1 file changed, 64 insertions(+), 4 deletions(-)

diff --git a/fs/ext4/namei.c b/fs/ext4/namei.c
index 354fc2d22df1..d9ae5c5a5562 100644
--- a/fs/ext4/namei.c
+++ b/fs/ext4/namei.c
@@ -1903,13 +1903,14 @@ static struct ext4_dir_entry_2 *dx_pack_dirents(struct inode *dir, char *base,
  * Returns pointer to de in block into which the new entry will be inserted.
  */
 static struct ext4_dir_entry_2 *do_split(handle_t *handle, struct inode *dir,
-			struct buffer_head **bh,struct dx_frame *frame,
-			struct dx_hash_info *hinfo)
+			struct buffer_head **bh, struct dx_frame *frames,
+			struct dx_frame *frame, struct dx_hash_info *hinfo)
 {
 	unsigned blocksize = dir->i_sb->s_blocksize;
 	unsigned continued;
 	int count;
 	struct buffer_head *bh2;
+	struct dx_frame *f;
 	ext4_lblk_t newblock;
 	u32 hash2;
 	struct dx_map_entry *map;
@@ -1922,12 +1923,42 @@ static struct ext4_dir_entry_2 *do_split(handle_t *handle, struct inode *dir,
 	if (ext4_has_feature_metadata_csum(dir->i_sb))
 		csum_size = sizeof(struct ext4_dir_entry_tail);
 
+	for (f = frames; f <= frame; f++) {
+		if (*bh == f->bh) {
+			ext4_error_inode_block(dir, (*bh)->b_blocknr,
+					       EFSCORRUPTED,
+					       "leaf block aliased with index block");
+			brelse(*bh);
+			*bh = NULL;
+			return ERR_PTR(-EFSCORRUPTED);
+		}
+	}
+
 	bh2 = ext4_append(handle, dir, &newblock);
 	if (IS_ERR(bh2)) {
 		brelse(*bh);
 		*bh = NULL;
 		return ERR_CAST(bh2);
 	}
+	if (bh2 == *bh) {
+		ext4_error_inode_block(dir, (*bh)->b_blocknr, EFSCORRUPTED,
+				       "cannot split aliased directory block");
+		brelse(bh2);
+		brelse(*bh);
+		*bh = NULL;
+		return ERR_PTR(-EFSCORRUPTED);
+	}
+	for (f = frames; f <= frame; f++) {
+		if (bh2 == f->bh) {
+			ext4_error_inode_block(dir, bh2->b_blocknr,
+					       EFSCORRUPTED,
+					       "leaf block aliased with index block");
+			brelse(bh2);
+			brelse(*bh);
+			*bh = NULL;
+			return ERR_PTR(-EFSCORRUPTED);
+		}
+	}
 
 	BUFFER_TRACE(*bh, "get_write_access");
 	err = ext4_journal_get_write_access(handle, dir->i_sb, *bh,
@@ -2257,6 +2288,13 @@ static int make_indexed_dir(handle_t *handle, struct ext4_filename *fname,
 		brelse(bh);
 		return PTR_ERR(bh2);
 	}
+	if (bh2 == bh) {
+		ext4_error_inode_block(dir, bh->b_blocknr, EFSCORRUPTED,
+				       "cannot index aliased directory block");
+		brelse(bh2);
+		brelse(bh);
+		return -EFSCORRUPTED;
+	}
 	ext4_set_inode_flag(dir, EXT4_INODE_INDEX);
 	data2 = bh2->b_data;
 
@@ -2325,7 +2363,7 @@ static int make_indexed_dir(handle_t *handle, struct ext4_filename *fname,
 	if (retval)
 		goto out_frames;
 
-	de = do_split(handle,dir, &bh2, frame, &fname->hinfo);
+	de = do_split(handle, dir, &bh2, frames, frame, &fname->hinfo);
 	if (IS_ERR(de)) {
 		retval = PTR_ERR(de);
 		goto out_frames;
@@ -2476,6 +2514,7 @@ static int ext4_dx_add_entry(handle_t *handle, struct ext4_filename *fname,
 			     struct inode *dir, struct inode *inode)
 {
 	struct dx_frame frames[EXT4_HTREE_LEVEL], *frame;
+	struct dx_frame *f;
 	struct dx_entry *entries, *at;
 	struct buffer_head *bh;
 	struct super_block *sb = dir->i_sb;
@@ -2496,6 +2535,15 @@ static int ext4_dx_add_entry(handle_t *handle, struct ext4_filename *fname,
 		bh = NULL;
 		goto cleanup;
 	}
+	for (f = frames; f <= frame; f++) {
+		if (bh == f->bh) {
+			ext4_error_inode_block(dir, bh->b_blocknr,
+					       EFSCORRUPTED,
+					       "leaf block aliased with index block");
+			err = -EFSCORRUPTED;
+			goto cleanup;
+		}
+	}
 
 	BUFFER_TRACE(bh, "get_write_access");
 	err = ext4_journal_get_write_access(handle, sb, bh, EXT4_JTR_NONE);
@@ -2549,6 +2597,18 @@ static int ext4_dx_add_entry(handle_t *handle, struct ext4_filename *fname,
 			err = PTR_ERR(bh2);
 			goto cleanup;
 		}
+		for (f = frames; f <= frame; f++) {
+			if (bh2 == f->bh)
+				break;
+		}
+		if (f <= frame || bh2 == bh) {
+			ext4_error_inode_block(dir, bh2->b_blocknr,
+					       EFSCORRUPTED,
+					       "cannot split aliased index block");
+			brelse(bh2);
+			err = -EFSCORRUPTED;
+			goto cleanup;
+		}
 		node2 = (struct dx_node *)(bh2->b_data);
 		entries2 = node2->entries;
 		memset(&node2->fake, 0, sizeof(struct fake_dirent));
@@ -2631,7 +2691,7 @@ static int ext4_dx_add_entry(handle_t *handle, struct ext4_filename *fname,
 			goto journal_error;
 		}
 	}
-	de = do_split(handle, dir, &bh, frame, &fname->hinfo);
+	de = do_split(handle, dir, &bh, frames, frame, &fname->hinfo);
 	if (IS_ERR(de)) {
 		err = PTR_ERR(de);
 		goto cleanup;
-- 
2.43.0