[PATCH] rxrpc: Fix slab-out-of-bounds write in rxrpc_send_ACK() during PMTUD probing

[PATCH] rxrpc: Fix slab-out-of-bounds write in rxrpc_send_ACK() during PMTUD probing

[Gowtham S Bhushan]

When rxrpc initializes Path MTU Discovery (PMTUD) parameters for a peer,
it computes the usable payload size as peer->if_mtu - peer->hdrsize. If
an interface has an MTU smaller than the transport header size (such as a
virtual interface configured with MTU 0), this unsigned subtraction
underflows to a value near UINT_MAX.

As a result, peer->pmtud_bad and peer->pmtud_trial become excessively
large. When rxrpc_send_ACK() builds a padded RXRPC_ACK_PING packet for
PMTUD probing, it appends PAGE_SIZE zero-page entries to call->local->kvec
inside a loop until len reaches probe_mtu. Because nr_kv is not checked
against the fixed 47-element capacity of call->local->kvec, nr_kv advances
past index 46 and triggers a KASAN slab-out-of-bounds write past the
1584-byte struct rxrpc_local object in the kmalloc-2k cache.

Fix this by guarding the subtraction against unsigned underflow when
peer->if_mtu <= peer->hdrsize, clamping pmtud_good, pmtud_bad, and
pmtud_trial to the usable payload limit, and only enabling pmtud_pending
when the link supports more than the minimum floor.
Additionally, ensure the padding loop in rxrpc_send_ACK() checks
nr_kv < ARRAY_SIZE(call->local->kvec) before writing to the array.

Reported-by: syzbot+0cd6f4783442ac67b56d@syzkaller.appspotmail.com
Closes: https://syzkaller.appspot.com/bug?extid=0cd6f4783442ac67b56d
Fixes: eeaedc5449d9 ("rxrpc: Implement path-MTU probing using padded PING ACKs (RFC8899)")

Signed-off-by: Gowtham S Bhushan <gowtham398gs@gmail.com>
---
 net/rxrpc/output.c      | 12 +++++++++++-
 net/rxrpc/peer_object.c | 20 +++++++++++++++-----
 2 files changed, 26 insertions(+), 6 deletions(-)

diff --git a/net/rxrpc/output.c b/net/rxrpc/output.c
index 88cad087f13b..a3dfba0a3bbc 100644
--- a/net/rxrpc/output.c
+++ b/net/rxrpc/output.c
@@ -325,9 +325,19 @@ void rxrpc_send_ACK(struct rxrpc_call *call, u8 ack_reason,
 	if (why == rxrpc_propose_ack_ping_for_mtu_probe) {
 		size_t probe_mtu = call->peer->pmtud_trial + sizeof(struct rxrpc_wire_header);
 
+		/*
+		 * skip padding if the base ACK packets already meets/exceeds probe_mut
+		 */
+
 		if (len > probe_mtu)
 			goto skip;
-		while (len < probe_mtu) {
+		/*
+		 * pad the probe packet with zero pages up to probe_mut,
+		 * ensuring we never write past the fixed capacity of
+		 * local->kvec.
+		 */
+
+		while (len < probe_mtu && nr_kv < ARRAY_SIZE(call->local->kvec)) {
 			size_t part = umin(probe_mtu - len, PAGE_SIZE);
 
 			kv[nr_kv].iov_base = page_address(ZERO_PAGE(0));
diff --git a/net/rxrpc/peer_object.c b/net/rxrpc/peer_object.c
index fa9a406e1168..a2f87137bb7e 100644
--- a/net/rxrpc/peer_object.c
+++ b/net/rxrpc/peer_object.c
@@ -207,11 +207,21 @@ void rxrpc_assess_MTU_size(struct rxrpc_local *local, struct rxrpc_peer *peer)
 	peer->tx_seg_max = dst->dev->gso_max_segs;
 	dst_release(dst);
 
-	peer->max_data		= umin(RXRPC_JUMBO(1), peer->if_mtu - peer->hdrsize);
-	peer->pmtud_good	= 500;
-	peer->pmtud_bad		= peer->if_mtu - peer->hdrsize + 1;
-	peer->pmtud_trial	= umin(peer->max_data, peer->pmtud_bad - 1);
-	peer->pmtud_pending	= true;
+	/*
+	 * Avoid unsigned underflow if the interface MTU is smaller than the
+	 * transport header size (e.g., on virtual interfaces with MTU 0).
+	 */
+	unsigned int max_mtu = peer->if_mtu > peer->hdrsize ?
+			       peer->if_mtu - peer->hdrsize : 0;
+
+	/* Clamp payload ceiling and PMTUD binary search bounds to link limits */
+	peer->max_data      = umin(RXRPC_JUMBO(1), max_mtu);
+	peer->pmtud_good    = umin(500, peer->max_data);
+	peer->pmtud_bad     = peer->max_data + 1;
+	peer->pmtud_trial   = peer->max_data;
+
+	/* Only schedule PMTUD probing if the link supports more than the floor */
+	peer->pmtud_pending = peer->max_data > peer->pmtud_good;
 
 	_leave(" [if_mtu %u]", peer->if_mtu);
 }
-- 
2.56.0

Re: [PATCH] rxrpc: Fix slab-out-of-bounds write in rxrpc_send_ACK() during PMTUD probing

[netdev-bot+sashiko]

Thank you for your contribution! Sashiko AI review found 5 potential
issue(s) to consider.

Critical: 0 · High: 1 · Medium: 2 (1) · Low: 2

If you believe none of the issues are legitimate, please reply to each
issue of Medium severity or higher and explain why the AI is wrong.
If any of them are legitimate and you plan to respin, please let patchwork
know by including "pw-bot: cr" as a separate line at the end of your reply
(one such reply per series is enough).

- [High] Regression: PMTUD can no longer grow past one jumbo subpacket,
  so jumbo DATA is turned off for every peer.
- [Medium] Incomplete fix: the patch guards one `if_mtu - hdrsize`
  subtraction, but the same unsigned underflow is left unguarded…
- [Medium] The commit message describes a bug mechanism that the code
  does not support.
- [Low] When if_mtu <= hdrsize, the new code in rxrpc_assess_MTU_size()
  (peer_object.c:214-224) stores peer->max_data = 0, pmtud_good = 0,…
- [Low] The comment the patch adds in rxrpc_send_ACK()
  (net/rxrpc/output.c:328-330) says 'skip padding if the base ACK…

Pre-existing issues:
- [Medium] This problem wasn't introduced by this patch, but
  rxrpc_assess_MTU_size() (net/rxrpc/peer_object.c:193-197) leaks a dst…

--

rxrpc: Fix slab-out-of-bounds write in rxrpc_send_ACK() during PMTUD probing

This patch guards the if_mtu - hdrsize subtraction in
rxrpc_assess_MTU_size() against unsigned underflow. It also derives the
PMTUD search bounds from the clamped max_data. Finally, it limits the
PMTUD padding loop in rxrpc_send_ACK() to the size of local->kvec.

Closes: https://syzkaller.appspot.com/bug?extid=0cd6f4783442ac67b56d

> As a result, peer->pmtud_bad and peer->pmtud_trial become excessively
> large. When rxrpc_send_ACK() builds a padded RXRPC_ACK_PING packet for
> PMTUD probing, it appends PAGE_SIZE zero-page entries to call->local->kvec
> inside a loop until len reaches probe_mtu.

[Severity: Medium]
Is this how the overflow actually happens? Before this patch,
rxrpc_assess_MTU_size() did:

    peer->max_data    = umin(RXRPC_JUMBO(1), peer->if_mtu - peer->hdrsize);
    ...
    peer->pmtud_trial = umin(peer->max_data, peer->pmtud_bad - 1);

In the underflow case, pmtud_trial therefore starts at 1440. That makes
probe_mtu 1468, which needs only a few kvec entries.

The only code that raises pmtud_trial later is
rxrpc_input_probe_for_pmtud(), and it loads pmtud_bad into a signed int:

    int good, trial, bad, jumbo;
    ...
    bad   = peer->pmtud_bad;
    if (good >= bad - 1) {
        conn->pmtud_probe = 0;
        peer->pmtud_lost = false;
        return;
    }

An underflowed pmtud_bad becomes zero or negative here. The search then
returns immediately and pmtud_trial never grows.

The new nr_kv < ARRAY_SIZE(call->local->kvec) bound in rxrpc_send_ACK()
seems to be what actually prevents the out-of-bounds write. Getting
nr_kv past 46 needs a large positive pmtud_bad. Normal IPv4/IPv6 routes
are capped at IP_MAX_MTU, which gives about 20 entries at most. A
dst_mtu provider without that cap could still supply one, for example
dst_blackhole_mtu() returning dst_dev(dst)->mtu.

Could the commit message describe the real triggering state, and name
the rxrpc_send_ACK() hunk as the fix?

> diff --git a/net/rxrpc/output.c b/net/rxrpc/output.c
> index 88cad087f13bf..a3dfba0a3bbc5 100644
> --- a/net/rxrpc/output.c
> +++ b/net/rxrpc/output.c
> @@ -325,9 +325,19 @@ void rxrpc_send_ACK(struct rxrpc_call *call, u8 ack_reason,
>  	if (why == rxrpc_propose_ack_ping_for_mtu_probe) {
>  		size_t probe_mtu = call->peer->pmtud_trial + sizeof(struct rxrpc_wire_header);
>  
> +		/*
> +		 * skip padding if the base ACK packets already meets/exceeds probe_mut
> +		 */
> +
>  		if (len > probe_mtu)
>  			goto skip;

[Severity: Low]
This isn't a bug, but the comment doesn't match the code below it. The
goto skip jumps past rxrpc_send_ack_packet():

    rxrpc_send_ack_packet(call, nr_kv, len, ack_serial, why);
skip:
    rxrpc_free_ack(call);

so the whole ACK is dropped, not just the padding. The test is also
len > probe_mtu, so the "meets" case doesn't take this branch.

Both new comments also misspell probe_mtu as "probe_mut".

> -		while (len < probe_mtu) {
> +		/*
> +		 * pad the probe packet with zero pages up to probe_mut,
> +		 * ensuring we never write past the fixed capacity of
> +		 * local->kvec.
> +		 */
> +
> +		while (len < probe_mtu && nr_kv < ARRAY_SIZE(call->local->kvec)) {

[ ... ]

> diff --git a/net/rxrpc/peer_object.c b/net/rxrpc/peer_object.c
> index fa9a406e11683..a2f87137bb7e9 100644
> --- a/net/rxrpc/peer_object.c
> +++ b/net/rxrpc/peer_object.c
> @@ -207,11 +207,21 @@ void rxrpc_assess_MTU_size(struct rxrpc_local *local, struct rxrpc_peer *peer)
>  	peer->tx_seg_max = dst->dev->gso_max_segs;
>  	dst_release(dst);

[Severity: Medium]
This is a pre-existing issue, not one introduced by this patch. Does
the AF_INET6 error path in rxrpc_assess_MTU_size() leak the dst
reference?

    dst = ip6_route_output(net, NULL, fl6);
    if (dst->error) {
        _leave(" [route err %d]", dst->error);
        return;
    }

ip6_route_output() always returns a held dst, including ip6_null_entry
after dst_hold(). The dst_release() above is only reached on success.
Other callers, such as ndisc.c and ip6mr.c, release the dst on error.

This function runs for every new peer and every incoming call. Each
failed IPv6 lookup therefore leaks one reference, usually on
ip6_null_entry or a reject route.

>  
> -	peer->max_data		= umin(RXRPC_JUMBO(1), peer->if_mtu - peer->hdrsize);
> -	peer->pmtud_good	= 500;
> -	peer->pmtud_bad		= peer->if_mtu - peer->hdrsize + 1;
> -	peer->pmtud_trial	= umin(peer->max_data, peer->pmtud_bad - 1);
> -	peer->pmtud_pending	= true;
> +	/*
> +	 * Avoid unsigned underflow if the interface MTU is smaller than the
> +	 * transport header size (e.g., on virtual interfaces with MTU 0).
> +	 */
> +	unsigned int max_mtu = peer->if_mtu > peer->hdrsize ?
> +			       peer->if_mtu - peer->hdrsize : 0;

[Severity: Medium]
Does this cover every place where if_mtu - hdrsize can underflow?
Several remain unguarded.

rxrpc_init_peer() runs while if_mtu is still 0 from kzalloc:

    peer->hdrsize += sizeof(struct rxrpc_wire_header);
    peer->max_data = peer->if_mtu - peer->hdrsize;

so max_data always starts at about 0xFFFFFFC8.

The block at the top of rxrpc_assess_MTU_size() only ever raises
max_data, and it underflows itself when hdrsize > 1500:

    peer->if_mtu = 1500;
    if (peer->max_data < peer->if_mtu - peer->hdrsize) {
        ...
        peer->max_data = peer->if_mtu - peer->hdrsize;
    }

Both route failure returns (IS_ERR(rt) for IPv4, dst->error for IPv6)
happen before the new guard. The wrapped max_data then stays for the
life of the peer. That breaks the DF check in rxrpc_send_data_packet().
Once ackr_adv_pmtud is set, it also puts maxMTU =
umax(max_data, rxrpc_rx_mtu) into ACK trailers.

rxrpc_fill_out_ack() also has no guard:

    if_mtu = call->peer->if_mtu - call->peer->hdrsize;
    if (call->peer->ackr_adv_pmtud) {
        max_mtu = umax(call->peer->max_data, rxrpc_rx_mtu);
    } else {
        if_mtu = umin(if_mtu, 1444);

With ackr_adv_pmtud set, an underflowed ifMTU is sent on the wire. The
connection-level final ACK in rxrpc_conn_retransmit_call() uses the same
expression. On receive, rxrpc_input_ack_trailer() clamps this field to
[500, 65535].

rxrpc_new_incoming_call() also calls rxrpc_assess_MTU_size(local,
call->peer) for every incoming call, including calls that reuse an
existing peer. hdrsize is only reset in rxrpc_init_peer(), so on xfrm
routes this line:

    peer->hdrsize += dst->header_len + dst->trailer_len;

keeps adding to hdrsize each time a remote client opens a call. hdrsize
eventually exceeds if_mtu, and as an unsigned short it can wrap.

Should these be handled too, since the commit message targets the
if_mtu < hdrsize case?

> +
> +	/* Clamp payload ceiling and PMTUD binary search bounds to link limits */
> +	peer->max_data      = umin(RXRPC_JUMBO(1), max_mtu);
> +	peer->pmtud_good    = umin(500, peer->max_data);
> +	peer->pmtud_bad     = peer->max_data + 1;
> +	peer->pmtud_trial   = peer->max_data;

[Severity: High]
Does this limit path MTU discovery to a single jumbo subpacket?
max_data is clamped to RXRPC_JUMBO(1) = 1440, so pmtud_bad is now at
most 1441. Before, it was if_mtu - hdrsize + 1, e.g. 8945 on a 9000 MTU
link or 65480 on loopback.

In rxrpc_input_probe_for_pmtud(), once the first 1440 probe succeeds,
good becomes 1440 and the next call takes this branch:

    if (good >= bad - 1) {
        conn->pmtud_probe = 0;
        peer->pmtud_lost = false;
        return;
    }

Every step of the jumbo ladder there needs bad > RXRPC_JUMBO(2), which
is 2856:

    if (good < RXRPC_JUMBO(2) && bad > RXRPC_JUMBO(2))
        trial = RXRPC_JUMBO(2);
    ...

so none of those branches can run any more. pmtud_jumbo =
(max_data + 4) / 1416 stays at 1, and rxrpc_transmit_some_data() uses:

    int limit = min(space, max(call->peer->pmtud_jumbo, 1));

As a result, jumbo DATA packets are never sent to any peer. Even on a
1500 MTU link the search stops at 1440 instead of 1444.

pmtud_bad is also documented as the smallest non-working MTU probe
tried, but max_data + 1 was never probed.

Only the underflow guard seems to be needed. Would keeping
pmtud_bad = max_mtu + 1 (with the guarded max_mtu) and
pmtud_trial = umin(max_data, max_mtu) preserve the old search range?

> +
> +	/* Only schedule PMTUD probing if the link supports more than the floor */
> +	peer->pmtud_pending = peer->max_data > peer->pmtud_good;

[Severity: Low]
When if_mtu <= hdrsize, this code stores max_data = 0, pmtud_good = 0,
pmtud_bad = 1 and pmtud_trial = 0. Elsewhere, 500 is treated as the
minimum for max_data, for example in rxrpc_adjust_mtu():

    max_data = max_t(int, mtu - peer->hdrsize, 500);

and in rxrpc_input_ack_trailer():

    max_mtu = clamp(max_mtu, 500, 65535);

Is a max_data of 0 intended? rxrpc_adjust_mtu() and the ACK trailer
path can only lower it, and rxrpc_input_probe_for_pmtud() returns
immediately (0 >= 1 - 1). It therefore stays 0 until the next
re-assessment.

While it is 0, this check in rxrpc_send_data_packet() is true for every
first transmission:

    if (seq == call->tx_transmitted + 1 &&
        len >= sizeof(struct rxrpc_wire_header) + call->peer->max_data) {
        rxrpc_local_dont_fragment(conn->local, false);

so DF is cleared on all new DATA packets, and /proc/net/rxrpc/peers
shows max_data as 0. Before this patch, the same case gave
max_data = 1440.

The "more than the floor" comment is also a bit misleading, since
pmtud_good = umin(500, max_data) can be below 500.

>  
>  	_leave(" [if_mtu %u]", peer->if_mtu);
>  }

-- 
Sashiko AI review · https://netdev-ai.bots.linux.dev/sashiko/#/patchset/20261111144846.838278-1-gowtham398gs%40gmail.com