[PATCH v8 0/7] KVM: arm64: Forward FFA_NOTIFICATION* calls to TrustZone

[PATCH v8 0/7] KVM: arm64: Forward FFA_NOTIFICATION* calls to TrustZone

[Sebastian Ene]

Remove the FFA_NOTIFICATION* calls from the blocklist used by the pKVM
FF-A proxy. This restriction was preventing the use of asynchronous
signaling mechanisms defined by the Arm FF-A specification to
communicate with the secure services.
While these calls are markes as optional, there is no reason why the
hypervisor proxy would block them because:

1. Host is the Sole Non-Secure Endpoint: The Host operates as the
   only Non-Secure VM ID (VM ID 0) recognized by the Secure World.
   Because all forwarded notifications are inherently attributed to
   the Host by the SPMC, there is no risk of VM ID spoofing
   originating from the Normal World.

2. No Memory Pointers or Addresses: The FFA_NOTIFICATION_* ABIs
   operate strictly via register-based parameters, passing only
   VM IDs, VCPU IDs, flags, and bitmaps. Because these calls do
   not contain memory addresses, offsets, or pointers, forwarding
   them doesn't pose a risk of memory-based confused deputy attack
   (e.g., tricking the SPMC into overwriting protected memory).

The pKVM proxy behaves as a relayer and it doesn't currently have its
own FF-A ID(only the host has the ID 0). The behavior of the setup
flow is covered by the spec in the: '10.9 Notification support without
a Hypervisor'.

While at it, enforce the MBZ/SBZ fields defined by the spec to prevent
odd behavior when a new version starts making use of the reserved
registers.

---
v8:
- rebased on 7.2-rc3
- no other changes

Changes in v7:
- rebased on 7.2-rc1
- collected the Ack from Will
- check for major version as well when doing the SBZ/MBZ enforcement

Changes in v6:
- applied Will's feedback and re-ordered the patch series so that we
  apply the MBZ enforcement at the end of the series
- update ffa_check_unused_args_sbz so that we take into account the FF-A
  version because the spec changed the list of unused parameter registers
  for 64-bit SMCs from v1.1 to v1.2

Changes in v5:
- handle 32-bit smc variants correctly when doing the MBZ enforcement
- add check for FFA_FEATURES
- handle missing FFA_FN64_NOTIFICATION_INFO_GET
- collected the Review tags from Vincent, thank you 

Changes in v4:
- previous series(v3) had serious issues with the patch number and it
  appeared like it used a mixed bag from v2 as well. Resend this to
  restore the correct order of the patches.
- fix strict check in ffa_check_unused_args_sbz and make it "<= 17"
- check the receiver endpoint Id in
  FFA_NOTIFICATION_BIND/FFA_NOTIFICATION_UNBIND instead of the sender
- use hyp_smccc_1_2_smc all along 
- check the receiver endpoit Id when doing FFA_NOTIFICATION_GET  

Changes in v3:
- applied Will's suggestion to use the introduced method
  ffa_check_unused_args_sbz for existing calls and added a new
patch in the beggining of the series to do this.
- merged the handling of
  FFA_NOTIFICATION_BITMAP_CREATE/FFA_NOTIFICATION_BITMAP_DESTROY into
one patch as Vincent suggested and create one handler for both.

Changes in v2:
- enforce the MBZ/SBZ fields
- split the calls into separate patches
- rebase on 7.1-rc7

v7:
https://lore.kernel.org/all/20260629093558.2425257-1-sebastianene@google.com/
v6:
https://lore.kernel.org/all/20260626074545.433234-1-sebastianene@google.com/
v5:
https://lore.kernel.org/all/20260623115354.632361-1-sebastianene@google.com/
v4:
https://lore.kernel.org/all/20260616154149.2763214-1-sebastianene@google.com/
v3:
https://lore.kernel.org/all/20260616105417.2578670-1-sebastianene@google.com/
v2:
https://lore.kernel.org/all/20260608165549.1479409-1-sebastianene@google.com/
v1:
https://lore.kernel.org/all/20260501114447.2389222-2-sebastianene@google.com/

Sebastian Ene (7):
  KVM: arm64: Forward FFA_NOTIFICATION_BITMAP calls to Trustzone
  KVM: arm64: Support FFA_NOTIFICATION_BIND in host handler
  KVM: arm64: Support FFA_NOTIFICATION_UNBIND in host handler
  KVM: arm64: Support FFA_NOTIFICATION_SET in host handler
  KVM: arm64: Support FFA_NOTIFICATION_GET in host handler
  KVM: arm64: Support FFA_NOTIFICATION_INFO_GET in host handler
  KVM: arm64: Enforce strict SBZ checks in the FF-A proxy

 arch/arm64/kvm/hyp/nvhe/ffa.c | 220 ++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++--
 1 file changed, 212 insertions(+), 8 deletions(-)

-- 
2.55.0.487.gaf234c4eb3-goog

[PATCH v8 1/7] KVM: arm64: Forward FFA_NOTIFICATION_BITMAP calls to Trustzone

[Sebastian Ene]

Allow FF-A notification bitmap messages to be forwarded to
Trustzone from the host kernel driver and enforce the host vmid
check.

Reviewed-by: Vincent Donnefort <vdonnefort@google.com>
Signed-off-by: Sebastian Ene <sebastianene@google.com>
---
 arch/arm64/kvm/hyp/nvhe/ffa.c | 21 +++++++++++++++++++--
 1 file changed, 19 insertions(+), 2 deletions(-)

diff --git a/arch/arm64/kvm/hyp/nvhe/ffa.c b/arch/arm64/kvm/hyp/nvhe/ffa.c
index 1af722771178..ecc13b795f2c 100644
--- a/arch/arm64/kvm/hyp/nvhe/ffa.c
+++ b/arch/arm64/kvm/hyp/nvhe/ffa.c
@@ -676,8 +676,6 @@ static bool ffa_call_supported(u64 func_id)
 	case FFA_MEM_DONATE:
 	case FFA_MEM_RETRIEVE_REQ:
        /* Optional notification interfaces added in FF-A 1.1 */
-	case FFA_NOTIFICATION_BITMAP_CREATE:
-	case FFA_NOTIFICATION_BITMAP_DESTROY:
 	case FFA_NOTIFICATION_BIND:
 	case FFA_NOTIFICATION_UNBIND:
 	case FFA_NOTIFICATION_SET:
@@ -862,6 +860,21 @@ static void do_ffa_part_get(struct arm_smccc_1_2_regs *res,
 	hyp_spin_unlock(&host_buffers.lock);
 }
 
+static void do_ffa_notif_bitmap(struct arm_smccc_1_2_regs *res,
+				struct kvm_cpu_context *ctxt)
+{
+	DECLARE_REG(u32, vmid, ctxt, 1);
+	struct arm_smccc_1_2_regs *args;
+
+	if (vmid != HOST_FFA_ID) {
+		ffa_to_smccc_res(res, FFA_RET_INVALID_PARAMETERS);
+		return;
+	}
+
+	args = (void *)&ctxt->regs.regs[0];
+	hyp_smccc_1_2_smc(args, res);
+}
+
 bool kvm_host_ffa_handler(struct kvm_cpu_context *host_ctxt, u32 func_id)
 {
 	struct arm_smccc_1_2_regs res;
@@ -920,6 +933,10 @@ bool kvm_host_ffa_handler(struct kvm_cpu_context *host_ctxt, u32 func_id)
 	case FFA_PARTITION_INFO_GET:
 		do_ffa_part_get(&res, host_ctxt);
 		goto out_handled;
+	case FFA_NOTIFICATION_BITMAP_CREATE:
+	case FFA_NOTIFICATION_BITMAP_DESTROY:
+		do_ffa_notif_bitmap(&res, host_ctxt);
+		goto out_handled;
 	}
 
 	if (ffa_call_supported(func_id))
-- 
2.55.0.487.gaf234c4eb3-goog

[PATCH v8 2/7] KVM: arm64: Support FFA_NOTIFICATION_BIND in host handler

[Sebastian Ene]

Verify the arguments of the FF-A notification bind call and forward the
message to Trustzone.

Reviewed-by: Vincent Donnefort <vdonnefort@google.com>
Signed-off-by: Sebastian Ene <sebastianene@google.com>
---
 arch/arm64/kvm/hyp/nvhe/ffa.c | 27 ++++++++++++++++++++++++++-
 1 file changed, 26 insertions(+), 1 deletion(-)

diff --git a/arch/arm64/kvm/hyp/nvhe/ffa.c b/arch/arm64/kvm/hyp/nvhe/ffa.c
index ecc13b795f2c..331d9d0d8287 100644
--- a/arch/arm64/kvm/hyp/nvhe/ffa.c
+++ b/arch/arm64/kvm/hyp/nvhe/ffa.c
@@ -42,6 +42,8 @@
  */
 #define HOST_FFA_ID	0
 
+#define FFA_NOTIF_RECEIVER_ENDP_MASK	GENMASK(15, 0)
+
 /*
  * A buffer to hold the maximum descriptor size we can see from the host,
  * which is required when the SPMD returns a fragmented FFA_MEM_RETRIEVE_RESP
@@ -676,7 +678,6 @@ static bool ffa_call_supported(u64 func_id)
 	case FFA_MEM_DONATE:
 	case FFA_MEM_RETRIEVE_REQ:
        /* Optional notification interfaces added in FF-A 1.1 */
-	case FFA_NOTIFICATION_BIND:
 	case FFA_NOTIFICATION_UNBIND:
 	case FFA_NOTIFICATION_SET:
 	case FFA_NOTIFICATION_GET:
@@ -875,6 +876,27 @@ static void do_ffa_notif_bitmap(struct arm_smccc_1_2_regs *res,
 	hyp_smccc_1_2_smc(args, res);
 }
 
+static void do_ffa_notif_bind(struct arm_smccc_1_2_regs *res,
+			      struct kvm_cpu_context *ctxt)
+{
+	DECLARE_REG(u32, endp_id, ctxt, 1);
+	DECLARE_REG(u32, flags, ctxt, 2);
+	struct arm_smccc_1_2_regs *args;
+
+	if (FIELD_GET(FFA_NOTIF_RECEIVER_ENDP_MASK, endp_id) != HOST_FFA_ID) {
+		ffa_to_smccc_res(res, FFA_RET_INVALID_PARAMETERS);
+		return;
+	}
+
+	if (flags > 1) {
+		ffa_to_smccc_res(res, FFA_RET_INVALID_PARAMETERS);
+		return;
+	}
+
+	args = (void *)&ctxt->regs.regs[0];
+	hyp_smccc_1_2_smc(args, res);
+}
+
 bool kvm_host_ffa_handler(struct kvm_cpu_context *host_ctxt, u32 func_id)
 {
 	struct arm_smccc_1_2_regs res;
@@ -937,6 +959,9 @@ bool kvm_host_ffa_handler(struct kvm_cpu_context *host_ctxt, u32 func_id)
 	case FFA_NOTIFICATION_BITMAP_DESTROY:
 		do_ffa_notif_bitmap(&res, host_ctxt);
 		goto out_handled;
+	case FFA_NOTIFICATION_BIND:
+		do_ffa_notif_bind(&res, host_ctxt);
+		goto out_handled;
 	}
 
 	if (ffa_call_supported(func_id))
-- 
2.55.0.487.gaf234c4eb3-goog

[PATCH v8 3/7] KVM: arm64: Support FFA_NOTIFICATION_UNBIND in host handler

[Sebastian Ene]

Verify the arguments of the FF-A notification unbind call and forward
the message to Trustzone.

Reviewed-by: Vincent Donnefort <vdonnefort@google.com>
Signed-off-by: Sebastian Ene <sebastianene@google.com>
---
 arch/arm64/kvm/hyp/nvhe/ffa.c | 25 ++++++++++++++++++++++++-
 1 file changed, 24 insertions(+), 1 deletion(-)

diff --git a/arch/arm64/kvm/hyp/nvhe/ffa.c b/arch/arm64/kvm/hyp/nvhe/ffa.c
index 331d9d0d8287..d52d7c4d5e7f 100644
--- a/arch/arm64/kvm/hyp/nvhe/ffa.c
+++ b/arch/arm64/kvm/hyp/nvhe/ffa.c
@@ -678,7 +678,6 @@ static bool ffa_call_supported(u64 func_id)
 	case FFA_MEM_DONATE:
 	case FFA_MEM_RETRIEVE_REQ:
        /* Optional notification interfaces added in FF-A 1.1 */
-	case FFA_NOTIFICATION_UNBIND:
 	case FFA_NOTIFICATION_SET:
 	case FFA_NOTIFICATION_GET:
 	case FFA_NOTIFICATION_INFO_GET:
@@ -897,6 +896,27 @@ static void do_ffa_notif_bind(struct arm_smccc_1_2_regs *res,
 	hyp_smccc_1_2_smc(args, res);
 }
 
+static void do_ffa_notif_unbind(struct arm_smccc_1_2_regs *res,
+				struct kvm_cpu_context *ctxt)
+{
+	DECLARE_REG(u32, endp_id, ctxt, 1);
+	DECLARE_REG(u32, reserved, ctxt, 2);
+	struct arm_smccc_1_2_regs *args;
+
+	if (reserved) {
+		ffa_to_smccc_res(res, FFA_RET_INVALID_PARAMETERS);
+		return;
+	}
+
+	if (FIELD_GET(FFA_NOTIF_RECEIVER_ENDP_MASK, endp_id) != HOST_FFA_ID) {
+		ffa_to_smccc_res(res, FFA_RET_INVALID_PARAMETERS);
+		return;
+	}
+
+	args = (void *)&ctxt->regs.regs[0];
+	hyp_smccc_1_2_smc(args, res);
+}
+
 bool kvm_host_ffa_handler(struct kvm_cpu_context *host_ctxt, u32 func_id)
 {
 	struct arm_smccc_1_2_regs res;
@@ -962,6 +982,9 @@ bool kvm_host_ffa_handler(struct kvm_cpu_context *host_ctxt, u32 func_id)
 	case FFA_NOTIFICATION_BIND:
 		do_ffa_notif_bind(&res, host_ctxt);
 		goto out_handled;
+	case FFA_NOTIFICATION_UNBIND:
+		do_ffa_notif_unbind(&res, host_ctxt);
+		goto out_handled;
 	}
 
 	if (ffa_call_supported(func_id))
-- 
2.55.0.487.gaf234c4eb3-goog

[PATCH v8 4/7] KVM: arm64: Support FFA_NOTIFICATION_SET in host handler

[Sebastian Ene]

Allow FF-A notification SET messages to be proxied from the pKVM
hypervisor to Trustzone and verify the arguments.

Reviewed-by: Vincent Donnefort <vdonnefort@google.com>
Signed-off-by: Sebastian Ene <sebastianene@google.com>
---
 arch/arm64/kvm/hyp/nvhe/ffa.c | 26 +++++++++++++++++++++++++-
 1 file changed, 25 insertions(+), 1 deletion(-)

diff --git a/arch/arm64/kvm/hyp/nvhe/ffa.c b/arch/arm64/kvm/hyp/nvhe/ffa.c
index d52d7c4d5e7f..2bb16aa414f9 100644
--- a/arch/arm64/kvm/hyp/nvhe/ffa.c
+++ b/arch/arm64/kvm/hyp/nvhe/ffa.c
@@ -43,6 +43,7 @@
 #define HOST_FFA_ID	0
 
 #define FFA_NOTIF_RECEIVER_ENDP_MASK	GENMASK(15, 0)
+#define FFA_NOTIF_SENDER_ENDP_MASK	GENMASK(31, 16)
 
 /*
  * A buffer to hold the maximum descriptor size we can see from the host,
@@ -678,7 +679,6 @@ static bool ffa_call_supported(u64 func_id)
 	case FFA_MEM_DONATE:
 	case FFA_MEM_RETRIEVE_REQ:
        /* Optional notification interfaces added in FF-A 1.1 */
-	case FFA_NOTIFICATION_SET:
 	case FFA_NOTIFICATION_GET:
 	case FFA_NOTIFICATION_INFO_GET:
 	/* Optional interfaces added in FF-A 1.2 */
@@ -917,6 +917,27 @@ static void do_ffa_notif_unbind(struct arm_smccc_1_2_regs *res,
 	hyp_smccc_1_2_smc(args, res);
 }
 
+static void do_ffa_notif_set(struct arm_smccc_1_2_regs *res,
+			     struct kvm_cpu_context *ctxt)
+{
+	DECLARE_REG(u32, endp_id, ctxt, 1);
+	DECLARE_REG(u32, flags, ctxt, 2);
+	struct arm_smccc_1_2_regs *args;
+
+	if (FIELD_GET(FFA_NOTIF_SENDER_ENDP_MASK, endp_id) != HOST_FFA_ID) {
+		ffa_to_smccc_res(res, FFA_RET_INVALID_PARAMETERS);
+		return;
+	}
+
+	if (flags & GENMASK(15, 2)) {
+		ffa_to_smccc_res(res, FFA_RET_INVALID_PARAMETERS);
+		return;
+	}
+
+	args = (void *)&ctxt->regs.regs[0];
+	hyp_smccc_1_2_smc(args, res);
+}
+
 bool kvm_host_ffa_handler(struct kvm_cpu_context *host_ctxt, u32 func_id)
 {
 	struct arm_smccc_1_2_regs res;
@@ -985,6 +1006,9 @@ bool kvm_host_ffa_handler(struct kvm_cpu_context *host_ctxt, u32 func_id)
 	case FFA_NOTIFICATION_UNBIND:
 		do_ffa_notif_unbind(&res, host_ctxt);
 		goto out_handled;
+	case FFA_NOTIFICATION_SET:
+		do_ffa_notif_set(&res, host_ctxt);
+		goto out_handled;
 	}
 
 	if (ffa_call_supported(func_id))
-- 
2.55.0.487.gaf234c4eb3-goog

[PATCH v8 5/7] KVM: arm64: Support FFA_NOTIFICATION_GET in host handler

[Sebastian Ene]

Allow FF-A notification GET messages to be proxied from the pKVM
hypervisor to Trustzone and verify the arguments sent from the host
driver.

Reviewed-by: Vincent Donnefort <vdonnefort@google.com>
Signed-off-by: Sebastian Ene <sebastianene@google.com>
---
 arch/arm64/kvm/hyp/nvhe/ffa.c | 25 ++++++++++++++++++++++++-
 1 file changed, 24 insertions(+), 1 deletion(-)

diff --git a/arch/arm64/kvm/hyp/nvhe/ffa.c b/arch/arm64/kvm/hyp/nvhe/ffa.c
index 2bb16aa414f9..c22fe4514741 100644
--- a/arch/arm64/kvm/hyp/nvhe/ffa.c
+++ b/arch/arm64/kvm/hyp/nvhe/ffa.c
@@ -679,7 +679,6 @@ static bool ffa_call_supported(u64 func_id)
 	case FFA_MEM_DONATE:
 	case FFA_MEM_RETRIEVE_REQ:
        /* Optional notification interfaces added in FF-A 1.1 */
-	case FFA_NOTIFICATION_GET:
 	case FFA_NOTIFICATION_INFO_GET:
 	/* Optional interfaces added in FF-A 1.2 */
 	case FFA_MSG_SEND_DIRECT_REQ2:		/* Optional per 7.5.1 */
@@ -938,6 +937,27 @@ static void do_ffa_notif_set(struct arm_smccc_1_2_regs *res,
 	hyp_smccc_1_2_smc(args, res);
 }
 
+static void do_ffa_notif_get(struct arm_smccc_1_2_regs *res,
+			     struct kvm_cpu_context *ctxt)
+{
+	DECLARE_REG(u32, endp_id, ctxt, 1);
+	DECLARE_REG(u32, flags, ctxt, 2);
+	struct arm_smccc_1_2_regs *args;
+
+	if (FIELD_GET(FFA_NOTIF_RECEIVER_ENDP_MASK, endp_id) != HOST_FFA_ID) {
+		ffa_to_smccc_res(res, FFA_RET_INVALID_PARAMETERS);
+		return;
+	}
+
+	if (flags & GENMASK(31, 4)) {
+		ffa_to_smccc_res(res, FFA_RET_INVALID_PARAMETERS);
+		return;
+	}
+
+	args = (void *)&ctxt->regs.regs[0];
+	hyp_smccc_1_2_smc(args, res);
+}
+
 bool kvm_host_ffa_handler(struct kvm_cpu_context *host_ctxt, u32 func_id)
 {
 	struct arm_smccc_1_2_regs res;
@@ -1009,6 +1029,9 @@ bool kvm_host_ffa_handler(struct kvm_cpu_context *host_ctxt, u32 func_id)
 	case FFA_NOTIFICATION_SET:
 		do_ffa_notif_set(&res, host_ctxt);
 		goto out_handled;
+	case FFA_NOTIFICATION_GET:
+		do_ffa_notif_get(&res, host_ctxt);
+		goto out_handled;
 	}
 
 	if (ffa_call_supported(func_id))
-- 
2.55.0.487.gaf234c4eb3-goog

[PATCH v8 6/7] KVM: arm64: Support FFA_NOTIFICATION_INFO_GET in host handler

[Sebastian Ene]

Allow the host to send FF-A notification queries to Trustzone and proxy
these messages from pKVM.

Reviewed-by: Vincent Donnefort <vdonnefort@google.com>
Signed-off-by: Sebastian Ene <sebastianene@google.com>
---
 arch/arm64/kvm/hyp/nvhe/ffa.c | 2 --
 1 file changed, 2 deletions(-)

diff --git a/arch/arm64/kvm/hyp/nvhe/ffa.c b/arch/arm64/kvm/hyp/nvhe/ffa.c
index c22fe4514741..712811e89435 100644
--- a/arch/arm64/kvm/hyp/nvhe/ffa.c
+++ b/arch/arm64/kvm/hyp/nvhe/ffa.c
@@ -678,8 +678,6 @@ static bool ffa_call_supported(u64 func_id)
 	case FFA_RXTX_MAP:
 	case FFA_MEM_DONATE:
 	case FFA_MEM_RETRIEVE_REQ:
-       /* Optional notification interfaces added in FF-A 1.1 */
-	case FFA_NOTIFICATION_INFO_GET:
 	/* Optional interfaces added in FF-A 1.2 */
 	case FFA_MSG_SEND_DIRECT_REQ2:		/* Optional per 7.5.1 */
 	case FFA_MSG_SEND_DIRECT_RESP2:		/* Optional per 7.5.1 */
-- 
2.55.0.487.gaf234c4eb3-goog

[PATCH v8 7/7] KVM: arm64: Enforce strict SBZ checks in the FF-A proxy

[Sebastian Ene]

Introduce a helper method ffa_check_unused_args_sbz to enforce strict
arguments checking when the hypervisor acts as a relayer between the
host and Trustzone.

Reviewed-by: Vincent Donnefort <vdonnefort@google.com>
Acked-by: Will Deacon <will@kernel.org>
Signed-off-by: Sebastian Ene <sebastianene@google.com>
---
 arch/arm64/kvm/hyp/nvhe/ffa.c | 96 ++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++-
 1 file changed, 95 insertions(+), 1 deletion(-)

diff --git a/arch/arm64/kvm/hyp/nvhe/ffa.c b/arch/arm64/kvm/hyp/nvhe/ffa.c
index 712811e89435..334f8a28d942 100644
--- a/arch/arm64/kvm/hyp/nvhe/ffa.c
+++ b/arch/arm64/kvm/hyp/nvhe/ffa.c
@@ -74,6 +74,21 @@ static u32 hyp_ffa_version;
 static bool has_version_negotiated;
 static hyp_spinlock_t version_lock;
 
+static bool ffa_check_unused_args_sbz(struct kvm_cpu_context *ctxt, int first_reg)
+{
+	DECLARE_REG(u32, func_id, ctxt, 0);
+	int reg, end_reg = 7;
+
+	if (hyp_ffa_version >= FFA_VERSION_1_2 && ARM_SMCCC_IS_64(func_id))
+		end_reg = 17;
+	for (reg = first_reg; reg <= end_reg; reg++) {
+		if (cpu_reg(ctxt, reg))
+			return true;
+	}
+
+	return false;
+}
+
 static void ffa_to_smccc_error(struct arm_smccc_1_2_regs *res, u64 ffa_errno)
 {
 	*res = (struct arm_smccc_1_2_regs) {
@@ -242,6 +257,11 @@ static void do_ffa_rxtx_map(struct arm_smccc_1_2_regs *res,
 	int ret = 0;
 	void *rx_virt, *tx_virt;
 
+	if (ffa_check_unused_args_sbz(ctxt, 4)) {
+		ret = FFA_RET_INVALID_PARAMETERS;
+		goto out;
+	}
+
 	if (npages != (KVM_FFA_MBOX_NR_PAGES * PAGE_SIZE) / FFA_PAGE_SIZE) {
 		ret = FFA_RET_INVALID_PARAMETERS;
 		goto out;
@@ -318,6 +338,11 @@ static void do_ffa_rxtx_unmap(struct arm_smccc_1_2_regs *res,
 	DECLARE_REG(u32, id, ctxt, 1);
 	int ret = 0;
 
+	if (ffa_check_unused_args_sbz(ctxt, 2)) {
+		ret = FFA_RET_INVALID_PARAMETERS;
+		goto out;
+	}
+
 	if (id != HOST_FFA_ID) {
 		ret = FFA_RET_INVALID_PARAMETERS;
 		goto out;
@@ -424,6 +449,11 @@ static void do_ffa_mem_frag_tx(struct arm_smccc_1_2_regs *res,
 	int ret = FFA_RET_INVALID_PARAMETERS;
 	u32 nr_ranges;
 
+	if (ffa_check_unused_args_sbz(ctxt, 5)) {
+		ffa_to_smccc_res(res, FFA_RET_INVALID_PARAMETERS);
+		return;
+	}
+
 	if (fraglen > KVM_FFA_MBOX_NR_PAGES * PAGE_SIZE)
 		goto out;
 
@@ -485,6 +515,11 @@ static void __do_ffa_mem_xfer(const u64 func_id,
 	u32 offset, nr_ranges, checked_offset;
 	int ret = 0;
 
+	if (ffa_check_unused_args_sbz(ctxt, 5)) {
+		ret = FFA_RET_INVALID_PARAMETERS;
+		goto out;
+	}
+
 	if (addr_mbz || npages_mbz || fraglen > len ||
 	    fraglen > KVM_FFA_MBOX_NR_PAGES * PAGE_SIZE) {
 		ret = FFA_RET_INVALID_PARAMETERS;
@@ -584,6 +619,11 @@ static void do_ffa_mem_reclaim(struct arm_smccc_1_2_regs *res,
 	int ret = 0;
 	u64 handle;
 
+	if (ffa_check_unused_args_sbz(ctxt, 4)) {
+		ffa_to_smccc_res(res, FFA_RET_INVALID_PARAMETERS);
+		return;
+	}
+
 	handle = PACK_HANDLE(handle_lo, handle_hi);
 
 	hyp_spin_lock(&host_buffers.lock);
@@ -764,6 +804,11 @@ static void do_ffa_version(struct arm_smccc_1_2_regs *res,
 {
 	DECLARE_REG(u32, ffa_req_version, ctxt, 1);
 
+	if (ffa_check_unused_args_sbz(ctxt, 2)) {
+		res->a0 = FFA_RET_NOT_SUPPORTED;
+		return;
+	}
+
 	if (FFA_MAJOR_VERSION(ffa_req_version) != 1) {
 		res->a0 = FFA_RET_NOT_SUPPORTED;
 		return;
@@ -813,6 +858,11 @@ static void do_ffa_part_get(struct arm_smccc_1_2_regs *res,
 	DECLARE_REG(u32, flags, ctxt, 5);
 	u32 count, partition_sz, copy_sz;
 
+	if (ffa_check_unused_args_sbz(ctxt, 6)) {
+		ffa_to_smccc_res(res, FFA_RET_INVALID_PARAMETERS);
+		return;
+	}
+
 	hyp_spin_lock(&host_buffers.lock);
 	if (!host_buffers.rx) {
 		ffa_to_smccc_res(res, FFA_RET_BUSY);
@@ -860,9 +910,15 @@ static void do_ffa_part_get(struct arm_smccc_1_2_regs *res,
 static void do_ffa_notif_bitmap(struct arm_smccc_1_2_regs *res,
 				struct kvm_cpu_context *ctxt)
 {
+	DECLARE_REG(u32, func_id, ctxt, 0);
 	DECLARE_REG(u32, vmid, ctxt, 1);
 	struct arm_smccc_1_2_regs *args;
 
+	if (ffa_check_unused_args_sbz(ctxt, func_id == FFA_NOTIFICATION_BITMAP_CREATE ? 3 : 2)) {
+		ffa_to_smccc_res(res, FFA_RET_INVALID_PARAMETERS);
+		return;
+	}
+
 	if (vmid != HOST_FFA_ID) {
 		ffa_to_smccc_res(res, FFA_RET_INVALID_PARAMETERS);
 		return;
@@ -879,6 +935,11 @@ static void do_ffa_notif_bind(struct arm_smccc_1_2_regs *res,
 	DECLARE_REG(u32, flags, ctxt, 2);
 	struct arm_smccc_1_2_regs *args;
 
+	if (ffa_check_unused_args_sbz(ctxt, 5)) {
+		ffa_to_smccc_res(res, FFA_RET_INVALID_PARAMETERS);
+		return;
+	}
+
 	if (FIELD_GET(FFA_NOTIF_RECEIVER_ENDP_MASK, endp_id) != HOST_FFA_ID) {
 		ffa_to_smccc_res(res, FFA_RET_INVALID_PARAMETERS);
 		return;
@@ -900,7 +961,7 @@ static void do_ffa_notif_unbind(struct arm_smccc_1_2_regs *res,
 	DECLARE_REG(u32, reserved, ctxt, 2);
 	struct arm_smccc_1_2_regs *args;
 
-	if (reserved) {
+	if (ffa_check_unused_args_sbz(ctxt, 5) || reserved) {
 		ffa_to_smccc_res(res, FFA_RET_INVALID_PARAMETERS);
 		return;
 	}
@@ -926,6 +987,11 @@ static void do_ffa_notif_set(struct arm_smccc_1_2_regs *res,
 		return;
 	}
 
+	if (ffa_check_unused_args_sbz(ctxt, 5)) {
+		ffa_to_smccc_res(res, FFA_RET_INVALID_PARAMETERS);
+		return;
+	}
+
 	if (flags & GENMASK(15, 2)) {
 		ffa_to_smccc_res(res, FFA_RET_INVALID_PARAMETERS);
 		return;
@@ -947,6 +1013,11 @@ static void do_ffa_notif_get(struct arm_smccc_1_2_regs *res,
 		return;
 	}
 
+	if (ffa_check_unused_args_sbz(ctxt, 3)) {
+		ffa_to_smccc_res(res, FFA_RET_INVALID_PARAMETERS);
+		return;
+	}
+
 	if (flags & GENMASK(31, 4)) {
 		ffa_to_smccc_res(res, FFA_RET_INVALID_PARAMETERS);
 		return;
@@ -956,6 +1027,20 @@ static void do_ffa_notif_get(struct arm_smccc_1_2_regs *res,
 	hyp_smccc_1_2_smc(args, res);
 }
 
+static void do_ffa_notif_info_get(struct arm_smccc_1_2_regs *res,
+				  struct kvm_cpu_context *ctxt)
+{
+	struct arm_smccc_1_2_regs *args;
+
+	if (ffa_check_unused_args_sbz(ctxt, 1)) {
+		ffa_to_smccc_res(res, FFA_RET_INVALID_PARAMETERS);
+		return;
+	}
+
+	args = (void *)&ctxt->regs.regs[0];
+	hyp_smccc_1_2_smc(args, res);
+}
+
 bool kvm_host_ffa_handler(struct kvm_cpu_context *host_ctxt, u32 func_id)
 {
 	struct arm_smccc_1_2_regs res;
@@ -984,6 +1069,11 @@ bool kvm_host_ffa_handler(struct kvm_cpu_context *host_ctxt, u32 func_id)
 
 	switch (func_id) {
 	case FFA_FEATURES:
+		if (ffa_check_unused_args_sbz(host_ctxt, 3)) {
+			ffa_to_smccc_res(&res, FFA_RET_INVALID_PARAMETERS);
+			goto out_handled;
+		}
+
 		if (!do_ffa_features(&res, host_ctxt))
 			return false;
 		goto out_handled;
@@ -1030,6 +1120,10 @@ bool kvm_host_ffa_handler(struct kvm_cpu_context *host_ctxt, u32 func_id)
 	case FFA_NOTIFICATION_GET:
 		do_ffa_notif_get(&res, host_ctxt);
 		goto out_handled;
+	case FFA_NOTIFICATION_INFO_GET:
+	case FFA_FN64_NOTIFICATION_INFO_GET:
+		do_ffa_notif_info_get(&res, host_ctxt);
+		goto out_handled;
 	}
 
 	if (ffa_call_supported(func_id))
-- 
2.55.0.487.gaf234c4eb3-goog

Re: [PATCH v8 0/7] KVM: arm64: Forward FFA_NOTIFICATION* calls to TrustZone

[Will Deacon]

Hi Oliver, Marc,

On Wed, Jul 29, 2026 at 12:13:00PM +0000, Sebastian Ene wrote:
> Remove the FFA_NOTIFICATION* calls from the blocklist used by the pKVM
> FF-A proxy. This restriction was preventing the use of asynchronous
> signaling mechanisms defined by the Arm FF-A specification to
> communicate with the secure services.
> While these calls are markes as optional, there is no reason why the
> hypervisor proxy would block them because:
> 
> 1. Host is the Sole Non-Secure Endpoint: The Host operates as the
>    only Non-Secure VM ID (VM ID 0) recognized by the Secure World.
>    Because all forwarded notifications are inherently attributed to
>    the Host by the SPMC, there is no risk of VM ID spoofing
>    originating from the Normal World.
> 
> 2. No Memory Pointers or Addresses: The FFA_NOTIFICATION_* ABIs
>    operate strictly via register-based parameters, passing only
>    VM IDs, VCPU IDs, flags, and bitmaps. Because these calls do
>    not contain memory addresses, offsets, or pointers, forwarding
>    them doesn't pose a risk of memory-based confused deputy attack
>    (e.g., tricking the SPMC into overwriting protected memory).
> 
> The pKVM proxy behaves as a relayer and it doesn't currently have its
> own FF-A ID(only the host has the ID 0). The behavior of the setup
> flow is covered by the spec in the: '10.9 Notification support without
> a Hypervisor'.
> 
> While at it, enforce the MBZ/SBZ fields defined by the spec to prevent
> odd behavior when a new version starts making use of the reserved
> registers.
> 
> ---
> v8:
> - rebased on 7.2-rc3
> - no other changes

I suspect the mention of FF-A in $SUBJECT might have pushed this off
your priority list, but please could you consider picking these up?

They've all been acked and the code hasn't changed since v7 (posted end
of June). We're not in a huge rush, so 7.4 is fine if you're done for
7.3.

Cheers,

Will