[PATCH bpf v2 1/2] bpf: reject incompatible socket assignments

[PATCH bpf v2 1/2] bpf: reject incompatible socket assignments

[Shihuang Liu]

bpf_sk_assign() permits TC ingress programs to associate an IPv6 packet
with an AF_INET socket. The receive path can then interpret IPv6 skb
control data as IPv4 metadata. When IP_RETOPTS is enabled, this can cause
__ip_options_echo() to copy beyond its stack buffer.

Reject incompatible packet and socket families in bpf_sk_assign() and
bpf_sk_assign_tcp_reqsk(). Continue to allow IPv4 packets to use
dual-stack AF_INET6 sockets.

Check request sockets against rsk_ops->family, since their sk_family is
inherited from the listener and sk_ipv6only is not initialized.

Fixes: cf7fbe660f2d ("bpf: Add socket assign support")
Assisted-by: LLM
Signed-off-by: Shihuang Liu <shlomojune6@gmail.com>
---
Changes since v1:
- Move family validation out of the IPv6 receive fast path and into
  bpf_sk_assign() and bpf_sk_assign_tcp_reqsk().
- Preserve IPv4 assignments to dual-stack AF_INET6 sockets.
- Check request sockets using rsk_ops->family.
- Split the fix into two patches and target the BPF fixes tree.

v1:
https://lore.kernel.org/netdev/20260823101809.26802-1-shlomojune6@gmail.com/

 include/uapi/linux/bpf.h       |  4 ++++
 net/core/filter.c              | 31 +++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++
 tools/include/uapi/linux/bpf.h |  4 ++++
 3 files changed, 39 insertions(+)

diff --git a/include/uapi/linux/bpf.h b/include/uapi/linux/bpf.h
index 732b35cc08d1c..5d8f5e2c8db38 100644
--- a/include/uapi/linux/bpf.h
+++ b/include/uapi/linux/bpf.h
@@ -4568,6 +4568,10 @@ union bpf_attr {
  *		**-EOPNOTSUPP** if the operation is not supported, for example
  *		a call from outside of TC ingress.
  *
+ *		**-EAFNOSUPPORT** if the socket family is not compatible with
+ *		the network layer of the packet, for example an **AF_INET**
+ *		socket and an IPv6 packet.
+ *
  * long bpf_sk_assign(struct bpf_sk_lookup *ctx, struct bpf_sock *sk, u64 flags)
  *	Description
  *		Helper is overloaded depending on BPF program type. This
diff --git a/net/core/filter.c b/net/core/filter.c
index 61940e7535523..e9cc76b775c0c 100644
--- a/net/core/filter.c
+++ b/net/core/filter.c
@@ -3491,6 +3491,32 @@ static int bpf_skb_proto_xlat(struct sk_buff *skb, __be16 to_proto)
 	return -ENOTSUPP;
 }
 
+static bool bpf_sk_assign_family_ok(const struct sk_buff *skb,
+				    const struct sock *sk)
+{
+	unsigned short family;
+
+	switch (skb->protocol) {
+	case htons(ETH_P_IP):
+		family = AF_INET;
+		break;
+	case htons(ETH_P_IPV6):
+		family = AF_INET6;
+		break;
+	default:
+		return true;
+	}
+
+	/* Requests inherit the listener family, but have family-specific ops. */
+	if (sk->sk_state == TCP_NEW_SYN_RECV)
+		return inet_reqsk(sk)->rsk_ops->family == family;
+
+	return sk->sk_family == family ||
+	       (family == AF_INET &&
+		sk->sk_family == AF_INET6 &&
+		!ipv6_only_sock(sk));
+}
+
 BPF_CALL_3(bpf_skb_change_proto, struct sk_buff *, skb, __be16, proto,
 	   u64, flags)
 {
@@ -7989,6 +8015,8 @@ BPF_CALL_3(bpf_sk_assign, struct sk_buff *, skb, struct sock *, sk, u64, flags)
 		return -ENETUNREACH;
 	if (sk_unhashed(sk))
 		return -EOPNOTSUPP;
+	if (!bpf_sk_assign_family_ok(skb, sk))
+		return -EAFNOSUPPORT;
 	if (sk_is_refcounted(sk) &&
 	    unlikely(!refcount_inc_not_zero(&sk->sk_refcnt)))
 		return -ENOENT;
@@ -12526,6 +12554,9 @@ __bpf_kfunc int bpf_sk_assign_tcp_reqsk(struct __sk_buff *s, struct sock *sk,
 	if (net != sock_net(sk))
 		return -ENETUNREACH;
 
+	if (!bpf_sk_assign_family_ok(skb, sk))
+		return -EAFNOSUPPORT;
+
 	switch (skb->protocol) {
 	case htons(ETH_P_IP):
 		ops = &tcp_request_sock_ops;
diff --git a/tools/include/uapi/linux/bpf.h b/tools/include/uapi/linux/bpf.h
index 732b35cc08d1c..5d8f5e2c8db38 100644
--- a/tools/include/uapi/linux/bpf.h
+++ b/tools/include/uapi/linux/bpf.h
@@ -4568,6 +4568,10 @@ union bpf_attr {
  *		**-EOPNOTSUPP** if the operation is not supported, for example
  *		a call from outside of TC ingress.
  *
+ *		**-EAFNOSUPPORT** if the socket family is not compatible with
+ *		the network layer of the packet, for example an **AF_INET**
+ *		socket and an IPv6 packet.
+ *
  * long bpf_sk_assign(struct bpf_sk_lookup *ctx, struct bpf_sock *sk, u64 flags)
  *	Description
  *		Helper is overloaded depending on BPF program type. This
-- 
2.43.0

[PATCH bpf v2 2/2] bpf: revalidate assigned sockets after protocol change

[Shihuang Liu]

An IPv4 packet can be assigned to an AF_INET socket and then translated
to IPv6 by bpf_skb_change_proto(). Since the translation preserves the
socket assignment, the IPv6 packet can still be delivered to the IPv4
socket, bypassing the family check in bpf_sk_assign().

After a successful protocol change, recheck any prefetched socket
against the new protocol and call skb_orphan() if its address family
is incompatible. This releases the assignment through the existing
skb destructor, allowing normal socket lookup or a new assignment
by the BPF program.

Fixes: cf7fbe660f2d ("bpf: Add socket assign support")
Assisted-by: LLM
Signed-off-by: Shihuang Liu <shlomojune6@gmail.com>
---
Changes since v1:
- Revalidate prefetched sockets after bpf_skb_change_proto() changes the
  packet protocol, closing a bypass of assignment-time validation.
- Preserve compatible dual-stack assignments and release incompatible
  assignments through their existing skb destructor.
- Split the fix into two patches and target the BPF fixes tree.

v1:
https://lore.kernel.org/netdev/20260823101809.26802-1-shlomojune6@gmail.com/

 include/uapi/linux/bpf.h       | 4 ++++
 net/core/filter.c              | 5 +++++
 tools/include/uapi/linux/bpf.h | 4 ++++
 3 files changed, 13 insertions(+)

diff --git a/include/uapi/linux/bpf.h b/include/uapi/linux/bpf.h
index 5d8f5e2c8db38..0de7967077a2e 100644
--- a/include/uapi/linux/bpf.h
+++ b/include/uapi/linux/bpf.h
@@ -2659,6 +2659,10 @@ union bpf_attr {
  * 		checked and segments are recalculated by the GSO/GRO engine.
  * 		The size for GSO target is adapted as well.
  *
+ *		On success, an assigned socket is released if its address
+ *		family is incompatible with the new protocol. Assign a
+ *		compatible socket after translation if required.
+ *
  * 		All values for *flags* are reserved for future usage, and must
  * 		be left at zero.
  *
diff --git a/net/core/filter.c b/net/core/filter.c
index e9cc76b775c0c..79a0e484d9dd4 100644
--- a/net/core/filter.c
+++ b/net/core/filter.c
@@ -3547,6 +3547,11 @@ BPF_CALL_3(bpf_skb_change_proto, struct sk_buff *, skb, __be16, proto,
 	if (ret)
 		return ret;
 
+	/* Protocol translation can invalidate an earlier socket assignment. */
+	if (skb_sk_is_prefetched(skb) &&
+	    !bpf_sk_assign_family_ok(skb, skb->sk))
+		skb_orphan(skb);
+
 	if (skb_valid_dst(skb))
 		skb_dst_drop(skb);
 
diff --git a/tools/include/uapi/linux/bpf.h b/tools/include/uapi/linux/bpf.h
index 5d8f5e2c8db38..0de7967077a2e 100644
--- a/tools/include/uapi/linux/bpf.h
+++ b/tools/include/uapi/linux/bpf.h
@@ -2659,6 +2659,10 @@ union bpf_attr {
  * 		checked and segments are recalculated by the GSO/GRO engine.
  * 		The size for GSO target is adapted as well.
  *
+ *		On success, an assigned socket is released if its address
+ *		family is incompatible with the new protocol. Assign a
+ *		compatible socket after translation if required.
+ *
  * 		All values for *flags* are reserved for future usage, and must
  * 		be left at zero.
  *
-- 
2.43.0

Re: [PATCH bpf v2 1/2] bpf: reject incompatible socket assignments

[Emil Tsalapatis]

On Fri Sep 11, 2026 at 5:23 PM UTC, Shihuang Liu wrote:
> bpf_sk_assign() permits TC ingress programs to associate an IPv6 packet
> with an AF_INET socket. The receive path can then interpret IPv6 skb
> control data as IPv4 metadata. When IP_RETOPTS is enabled, this can cause
> __ip_options_echo() to copy beyond its stack buffer.
>
> Reject incompatible packet and socket families in bpf_sk_assign() and
> bpf_sk_assign_tcp_reqsk(). Continue to allow IPv4 packets to use
> dual-stack AF_INET6 sockets.
>
> Check request sockets against rsk_ops->family, since their sk_family is
> inherited from the listener and sk_ipv6only is not initialized.
>
> Fixes: cf7fbe660f2d ("bpf: Add socket assign support")
> Assisted-by: LLM
> Signed-off-by: Shihuang Liu <shlomojune6@gmail.com>
> ---
> Changes since v1:
> - Move family validation out of the IPv6 receive fast path and into
>   bpf_sk_assign() and bpf_sk_assign_tcp_reqsk().
> - Preserve IPv4 assignments to dual-stack AF_INET6 sockets.
> - Check request sockets using rsk_ops->family.
> - Split the fix into two patches and target the BPF fixes tree.
>
> v1:
> https://lore.kernel.org/netdev/20260823101809.26802-1-shlomojune6@gmail.com/
>
>  include/uapi/linux/bpf.h       |  4 ++++
>  net/core/filter.c              | 31 +++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++
>  tools/include/uapi/linux/bpf.h |  4 ++++
>  3 files changed, 39 insertions(+)
>
> diff --git a/include/uapi/linux/bpf.h b/include/uapi/linux/bpf.h
> index 732b35cc08d1c..5d8f5e2c8db38 100644
> --- a/include/uapi/linux/bpf.h
> +++ b/include/uapi/linux/bpf.h
> @@ -4568,6 +4568,10 @@ union bpf_attr {
>   *		**-EOPNOTSUPP** if the operation is not supported, for example
>   *		a call from outside of TC ingress.
>   *
> + *		**-EAFNOSUPPORT** if the socket family is not compatible with
> + *		the network layer of the packet, for example an **AF_INET**
> + *		socket and an IPv6 packet.
> + *
>   * long bpf_sk_assign(struct bpf_sk_lookup *ctx, struct bpf_sock *sk, u64 flags)
>   *	Description
>   *		Helper is overloaded depending on BPF program type. This
> diff --git a/net/core/filter.c b/net/core/filter.c
> index 61940e7535523..e9cc76b775c0c 100644
> --- a/net/core/filter.c
> +++ b/net/core/filter.c
> @@ -3491,6 +3491,32 @@ static int bpf_skb_proto_xlat(struct sk_buff *skb, __be16 to_proto)
>  	return -ENOTSUPP;
>  }
>  
> +static bool bpf_sk_assign_family_ok(const struct sk_buff *skb,
> +				    const struct sock *sk)

This should also be used in bpf_skb_adjust_room that can also change the
address family of the skb after it has been checked against that of the sk.

> +{
> +	unsigned short family;
> +
> +	switch (skb->protocol) {
> +	case htons(ETH_P_IP):
> +		family = AF_INET;
> +		break;
> +	case htons(ETH_P_IPV6):
> +		family = AF_INET6;
> +		break;

What about VLAN?

pw-bot: cr

> +	default:
> +		return true;
> +	}
> +
> +	/* Requests inherit the listener family, but have family-specific ops. */
> +	if (sk->sk_state == TCP_NEW_SYN_RECV)
> +		return inet_reqsk(sk)->rsk_ops->family == family;
> +
> +	return sk->sk_family == family ||
> +	       (family == AF_INET &&
> +		sk->sk_family == AF_INET6 &&
> +		!ipv6_only_sock(sk));
> +}
> +
>  BPF_CALL_3(bpf_skb_change_proto, struct sk_buff *, skb, __be16, proto,
>  	   u64, flags)
>  {
> @@ -7989,6 +8015,8 @@ BPF_CALL_3(bpf_sk_assign, struct sk_buff *, skb, struct sock *, sk, u64, flags)
>  		return -ENETUNREACH;
>  	if (sk_unhashed(sk))
>  		return -EOPNOTSUPP;
> +	if (!bpf_sk_assign_family_ok(skb, sk))
> +		return -EAFNOSUPPORT;
>  	if (sk_is_refcounted(sk) &&
>  	    unlikely(!refcount_inc_not_zero(&sk->sk_refcnt)))
>  		return -ENOENT;
> @@ -12526,6 +12554,9 @@ __bpf_kfunc int bpf_sk_assign_tcp_reqsk(struct __sk_buff *s, struct sock *sk,
>  	if (net != sock_net(sk))
>  		return -ENETUNREACH;
>  
> +	if (!bpf_sk_assign_family_ok(skb, sk))
> +		return -EAFNOSUPPORT;
> +
>  	switch (skb->protocol) {
>  	case htons(ETH_P_IP):
>  		ops = &tcp_request_sock_ops;
> diff --git a/tools/include/uapi/linux/bpf.h b/tools/include/uapi/linux/bpf.h
> index 732b35cc08d1c..5d8f5e2c8db38 100644
> --- a/tools/include/uapi/linux/bpf.h
> +++ b/tools/include/uapi/linux/bpf.h
> @@ -4568,6 +4568,10 @@ union bpf_attr {
>   *		**-EOPNOTSUPP** if the operation is not supported, for example
>   *		a call from outside of TC ingress.
>   *
> + *		**-EAFNOSUPPORT** if the socket family is not compatible with
> + *		the network layer of the packet, for example an **AF_INET**
> + *		socket and an IPv6 packet.
> + *
>   * long bpf_sk_assign(struct bpf_sk_lookup *ctx, struct bpf_sock *sk, u64 flags)
>   *	Description
>   *		Helper is overloaded depending on BPF program type. This