[RFC net-next v1 1/2] net: phy: Add support for driver-specific next update time

[RFC net-next v1 1/2] net: phy: Add support for driver-specific next update time

[Oleksij Rempel]

Introduce the `phy_get_next_update_time` function to allow PHY drivers
to dynamically determine the time (in milliseconds) until the next state
update event. This enables more flexible and adaptive polling intervals
based on the link state or other conditions.

Signed-off-by: Oleksij Rempel <o.rempel@pengutronix.de>
---
 drivers/net/phy/phy.c | 29 +++++++++++++++++++++++++++--
 include/linux/phy.h   | 13 +++++++++++++
 2 files changed, 40 insertions(+), 2 deletions(-)

diff --git a/drivers/net/phy/phy.c b/drivers/net/phy/phy.c
index cec3f6280e44..0c9f3c03500c 100644
--- a/drivers/net/phy/phy.c
+++ b/drivers/net/phy/phy.c
@@ -1401,6 +1401,26 @@ void phy_free_interrupt(struct phy_device *phydev)
 }
 EXPORT_SYMBOL(phy_free_interrupt);

+/**
+ * phy_get_next_update_time - Determine the next PHY update time
+ * @phydev: Pointer to the phy_device structure
+ *
+ * This function queries the PHY driver to get the time for the next polling
+ * event. If the driver does not implement the callback, a default value is used.
+ *
+ * Return: The time for the next polling event in milliseconds
+ */
+static unsigned int phy_get_next_update_time(struct phy_device *phydev)
+{
+	const unsigned int default_time = PHY_STATE_TIME;
+
+	/* Ensure valid driver and callback are present */
+	if (phydev && phydev->drv && phydev->drv->get_next_update_time)
+		return phydev->drv->get_next_update_time(phydev);
+
+	return default_time;
+}
+
 enum phy_state_work {
 	PHY_STATE_WORK_NONE,
 	PHY_STATE_WORK_ANEG,
@@ -1479,8 +1499,13 @@ static enum phy_state_work _phy_state_machine(struct phy_device *phydev)
 	 * state machine would be pointless and possibly error prone when
 	 * called from phy_disconnect() synchronously.
 	 */
-	if (phy_polling_mode(phydev) && phy_is_started(phydev))
-		phy_queue_state_machine(phydev, PHY_STATE_TIME);
+	if (phy_polling_mode(phydev) && phy_is_started(phydev)) {
+		unsigned int next_update_time =
+			phy_get_next_update_time(phydev);
+
+		phy_queue_state_machine(phydev,
+					msecs_to_jiffies(next_update_time));
+	}

 	return state_work;
 }
diff --git a/include/linux/phy.h b/include/linux/phy.h
index 4a4e7c32222f..bdfe5fa01d3d 100644
--- a/include/linux/phy.h
+++ b/include/linux/phy.h
@@ -1202,6 +1202,19 @@ struct phy_driver {
 	 */
 	int (*led_polarity_set)(struct phy_device *dev, int index,
 				unsigned long modes);
+
+	/**
+	 * @get_next_update_time: Get the time until the next update event
+	 * @dev: PHY device which has the LED
+	 *
+	 * Callback to determine the time (in milliseconds) until the next
+	 * update event for the PHY state  machine. Allows PHY drivers to
+	 * dynamically adjust polling intervals based on link state or other
+	 * conditions.
+	 *
+	 * Returns the time in milliseconds until the next update event.
+	 */
+	unsigned int (*get_next_update_time)(struct phy_device *dev);
 };
 #define to_phy_driver(d) container_of_const(to_mdio_common_driver(d),		\
 				      struct phy_driver, mdiodrv)
--
2.39.5

[RFC net-next v1 2/2] net. phy: dp83tg720: Add randomized polling intervals for unstable link detection

[Oleksij Rempel]

Address the limitations of the DP83TG720 PHY, which cannot reliably detect or
report a stable link state. To handle this, the PHY must be periodically reset
when the link is down. However, synchronized reset intervals between the PHY
and its link partner can result in a deadlock, preventing the link from
re-establishing.

This change introduces a randomized polling interval when the link is down to
desynchronize resets between link partners.

Signed-off-by: Oleksij Rempel <o.rempel@pengutronix.de>
---
 drivers/net/phy/dp83tg720.c | 76 +++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++
 1 file changed, 76 insertions(+)

diff --git a/drivers/net/phy/dp83tg720.c b/drivers/net/phy/dp83tg720.c
index f56659d41b31..64c65454cf94 100644
--- a/drivers/net/phy/dp83tg720.c
+++ b/drivers/net/phy/dp83tg720.c
@@ -4,12 +4,31 @@
  */
 #include <linux/bitfield.h>
 #include <linux/ethtool_netlink.h>
+#include <linux/jiffies.h>
 #include <linux/kernel.h>
 #include <linux/module.h>
 #include <linux/phy.h>
+#include <linux/random.h>

 #include "open_alliance_helpers.h"

+/*
+ * DP83TG720S_POLL_ACTIVE_LINK - Polling interval in milliseconds when the link
+ *				 is active.
+ * DP83TG720S_POLL_NO_LINK_MIN - Minimum polling interval in milliseconds when
+ *				 the link is down.
+ * DP83TG720S_POLL_NO_LINK_MAX - Maximum polling interval in milliseconds when
+ *				 the link is down.
+ *
+ * These values are not documented or officially recommended by the vendor but
+ * were determined through empirical testing. They achieve a good balance in
+ * minimizing the number of reset retries while ensuring reliable link recovery
+ * within a reasonable timeframe.
+ */
+#define DP83TG720S_POLL_ACTIVE_LINK		1000
+#define DP83TG720S_POLL_NO_LINK_MIN		100
+#define DP83TG720S_POLL_NO_LINK_MAX		1000
+
 #define DP83TG720S_PHY_ID			0x2000a284

 /* MDIO_MMD_VEND2 registers */
@@ -355,6 +374,11 @@ static int dp83tg720_read_status(struct phy_device *phydev)
 		if (ret)
 			return ret;

+		/* The sleep value is based on testing with the DP83TG720S-Q1
+		 * PHY. The PHY needs some time to recover from a link loss.
+		 */
+		msleep(600);
+
 		/* After HW reset we need to restore master/slave configuration.
 		 * genphy_c45_pma_baset1_read_master_slave() call will be done
 		 * by the dp83tg720_config_aneg() function.
@@ -482,6 +506,57 @@ static int dp83tg720_probe(struct phy_device *phydev)
 	return 0;
 }

+/**
+ * dp83tg720_phy_get_next_update_time - Determine the next update time for PHY
+ *                                      state
+ * @phydev: Pointer to the phy_device structure
+ *
+ * This function addresses a limitation of the DP83TG720 PHY, which cannot
+ * reliably detect or report a stable link state. To recover from such
+ * scenarios, the PHY must be periodically reset when the link is down. However,
+ * if the link partner also runs Linux with the same driver, synchronized reset
+ * intervals can lead to a deadlock where the link never establishes due to
+ * simultaneous resets on both sides.
+ *
+ * To avoid this, the function implements randomized polling intervals when the
+ * link is down. It ensures that reset intervals are desynchronized by
+ * introducing a random delay between a configured minimum and maximum range.
+ * When the link is up, a fixed polling interval is used to minimize overhead.
+ *
+ * This mechanism guarantees that the link will reestablish within 10 seconds
+ * in the worst-case scenario.
+ *
+ * Return: Time (in milliseconds) until the next update event for the PHY state
+ * machine.
+ */
+static unsigned int dp83tg720_phy_get_next_update_time(struct phy_device *phydev)
+{
+	unsigned int jiffy_ms = jiffies_to_msecs(1); /* Jiffy granularity in ms */
+	unsigned int next_time_ms;
+
+	if (phydev->link) {
+		/* When the link is up, use a fixed 1000ms interval */
+		next_time_ms = DP83TG720S_POLL_ACTIVE_LINK;
+	} else {
+		unsigned int min_jiffies, max_jiffies, rand_jiffies;
+		/* When the link is down, randomize interval between
+		 * configured min/max
+		 */
+
+		/* Convert min and max to jiffies */
+		min_jiffies = msecs_to_jiffies(DP83TG720S_POLL_NO_LINK_MIN);
+		max_jiffies = msecs_to_jiffies(DP83TG720S_POLL_NO_LINK_MAX);
+
+		/* Randomize in the jiffie range and convert back to ms */
+		rand_jiffies = min_jiffies +
+			get_random_u32_below(max_jiffies - min_jiffies + 1);
+		next_time_ms = jiffies_to_msecs(rand_jiffies);
+	}
+
+	/* Ensure the polling time is at least one jiffy */
+	return max(next_time_ms, jiffy_ms);
+}
+
 static struct phy_driver dp83tg720_driver[] = {
 {
 	PHY_ID_MATCH_MODEL(DP83TG720S_PHY_ID),
@@ -500,6 +575,7 @@ static struct phy_driver dp83tg720_driver[] = {
 	.get_link_stats	= dp83tg720_get_link_stats,
 	.get_phy_stats	= dp83tg720_get_phy_stats,
 	.update_stats	= dp83tg720_update_stats,
+	.get_next_update_time = dp83tg720_phy_get_next_update_time,

 	.suspend	= genphy_suspend,
 	.resume		= genphy_resume,
--
2.39.5

Re: [RFC net-next v1 2/2] net. phy: dp83tg720: Add randomized polling intervals for unstable link detection

[Andrew Lunn]

On Wed, Nov 27, 2024 at 02:10:11PM +0100, Oleksij Rempel wrote:
> Address the limitations of the DP83TG720 PHY, which cannot reliably detect or
> report a stable link state. To handle this, the PHY must be periodically reset
> when the link is down. However, synchronized reset intervals between the PHY
> and its link partner can result in a deadlock, preventing the link from
> re-establishing.
> 
> This change introduces a randomized polling interval when the link is down to
> desynchronize resets between link partners.

Hi Oleksij

What other solutions did you try? I'm wondering if this is more
complex than it needs to be. Could you add a random delay in
dp83tg720_read_status() when it decides to do a reset?

	Andrew

Re: [RFC net-next v1 2/2] net. phy: dp83tg720: Add randomized polling intervals for unstable link detection

[Heiner Kallweit]

On 27.11.2024 14:10, Oleksij Rempel wrote:
> Address the limitations of the DP83TG720 PHY, which cannot reliably detect or
> report a stable link state. To handle this, the PHY must be periodically reset
> when the link is down. However, synchronized reset intervals between the PHY
> and its link partner can result in a deadlock, preventing the link from
> re-establishing.
> 
Out of curiosity: This PHY isn't normally quirky, but completely broken.
Why would anybody use it?

> This change introduces a randomized polling interval when the link is down to
> desynchronize resets between link partners.
> 
> Signed-off-by: Oleksij Rempel <o.rempel@pengutronix.de>
> ---
>  drivers/net/phy/dp83tg720.c | 76 +++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++
>  1 file changed, 76 insertions(+)
> 
> diff --git a/drivers/net/phy/dp83tg720.c b/drivers/net/phy/dp83tg720.c
> index f56659d41b31..64c65454cf94 100644
> --- a/drivers/net/phy/dp83tg720.c
> +++ b/drivers/net/phy/dp83tg720.c
> @@ -4,12 +4,31 @@
>   */
>  #include <linux/bitfield.h>
>  #include <linux/ethtool_netlink.h>
> +#include <linux/jiffies.h>
>  #include <linux/kernel.h>
>  #include <linux/module.h>
>  #include <linux/phy.h>
> +#include <linux/random.h>
> 
>  #include "open_alliance_helpers.h"
> 
> +/*
> + * DP83TG720S_POLL_ACTIVE_LINK - Polling interval in milliseconds when the link
> + *				 is active.
> + * DP83TG720S_POLL_NO_LINK_MIN - Minimum polling interval in milliseconds when
> + *				 the link is down.
> + * DP83TG720S_POLL_NO_LINK_MAX - Maximum polling interval in milliseconds when
> + *				 the link is down.
> + *
> + * These values are not documented or officially recommended by the vendor but
> + * were determined through empirical testing. They achieve a good balance in
> + * minimizing the number of reset retries while ensuring reliable link recovery
> + * within a reasonable timeframe.
> + */
> +#define DP83TG720S_POLL_ACTIVE_LINK		1000
> +#define DP83TG720S_POLL_NO_LINK_MIN		100
> +#define DP83TG720S_POLL_NO_LINK_MAX		1000
> +
>  #define DP83TG720S_PHY_ID			0x2000a284
> 
>  /* MDIO_MMD_VEND2 registers */
> @@ -355,6 +374,11 @@ static int dp83tg720_read_status(struct phy_device *phydev)
>  		if (ret)
>  			return ret;
> 
> +		/* The sleep value is based on testing with the DP83TG720S-Q1
> +		 * PHY. The PHY needs some time to recover from a link loss.
> +		 */
What is the issue during this "time to recover"?
Is errata information available from the vendor?

> +		msleep(600);
> +
>  		/* After HW reset we need to restore master/slave configuration.
>  		 * genphy_c45_pma_baset1_read_master_slave() call will be done
>  		 * by the dp83tg720_config_aneg() function.
> @@ -482,6 +506,57 @@ static int dp83tg720_probe(struct phy_device *phydev)
>  	return 0;
>  }
> 
> +/**
> + * dp83tg720_phy_get_next_update_time - Determine the next update time for PHY
> + *                                      state
> + * @phydev: Pointer to the phy_device structure
> + *
> + * This function addresses a limitation of the DP83TG720 PHY, which cannot
> + * reliably detect or report a stable link state. To recover from such
> + * scenarios, the PHY must be periodically reset when the link is down. However,
> + * if the link partner also runs Linux with the same driver, synchronized reset
> + * intervals can lead to a deadlock where the link never establishes due to
> + * simultaneous resets on both sides.
> + *
> + * To avoid this, the function implements randomized polling intervals when the
> + * link is down. It ensures that reset intervals are desynchronized by
> + * introducing a random delay between a configured minimum and maximum range.
> + * When the link is up, a fixed polling interval is used to minimize overhead.
> + *
> + * This mechanism guarantees that the link will reestablish within 10 seconds
> + * in the worst-case scenario.
> + *
> + * Return: Time (in milliseconds) until the next update event for the PHY state
> + * machine.
> + */
> +static unsigned int dp83tg720_phy_get_next_update_time(struct phy_device *phydev)
> +{
> +	unsigned int jiffy_ms = jiffies_to_msecs(1); /* Jiffy granularity in ms */
> +	unsigned int next_time_ms;
> +
> +	if (phydev->link) {
> +		/* When the link is up, use a fixed 1000ms interval */
> +		next_time_ms = DP83TG720S_POLL_ACTIVE_LINK;
> +	} else {
> +		unsigned int min_jiffies, max_jiffies, rand_jiffies;
> +		/* When the link is down, randomize interval between
> +		 * configured min/max
> +		 */
> +
> +		/* Convert min and max to jiffies */
> +		min_jiffies = msecs_to_jiffies(DP83TG720S_POLL_NO_LINK_MIN);
> +		max_jiffies = msecs_to_jiffies(DP83TG720S_POLL_NO_LINK_MAX);
> +
> +		/* Randomize in the jiffie range and convert back to ms */
> +		rand_jiffies = min_jiffies +
> +			get_random_u32_below(max_jiffies - min_jiffies + 1);
> +		next_time_ms = jiffies_to_msecs(rand_jiffies);
> +	}
> +
> +	/* Ensure the polling time is at least one jiffy */
> +	return max(next_time_ms, jiffy_ms);
> +}
> +
>  static struct phy_driver dp83tg720_driver[] = {
>  {
>  	PHY_ID_MATCH_MODEL(DP83TG720S_PHY_ID),
> @@ -500,6 +575,7 @@ static struct phy_driver dp83tg720_driver[] = {
>  	.get_link_stats	= dp83tg720_get_link_stats,
>  	.get_phy_stats	= dp83tg720_get_phy_stats,
>  	.update_stats	= dp83tg720_update_stats,
> +	.get_next_update_time = dp83tg720_phy_get_next_update_time,
> 
>  	.suspend	= genphy_suspend,
>  	.resume		= genphy_resume,
> --
> 2.39.5
> 

Re: [RFC net-next v1 2/2] net. phy: dp83tg720: Add randomized polling intervals for unstable link detection

[Oleksij Rempel]

On Wed, Nov 27, 2024 at 06:33:03PM +0100, Heiner Kallweit wrote:
> On 27.11.2024 14:10, Oleksij Rempel wrote:
> > Address the limitations of the DP83TG720 PHY, which cannot reliably detect or
> > report a stable link state. To handle this, the PHY must be periodically reset
> > when the link is down. However, synchronized reset intervals between the PHY
> > and its link partner can result in a deadlock, preventing the link from
> > re-establishing.
> > 
> Out of curiosity: This PHY isn't normally quirky, but completely broken.
> Why would anybody use it?

Is it rhetorical question, or you are really curios? I can answer it, but it
will not be a short one ¯\_(ツ)_/¯

> >  /* MDIO_MMD_VEND2 registers */
> > @@ -355,6 +374,11 @@ static int dp83tg720_read_status(struct phy_device *phydev)
> >  		if (ret)
> >  			return ret;
> > 
> > +		/* The sleep value is based on testing with the DP83TG720S-Q1
> > +		 * PHY. The PHY needs some time to recover from a link loss.
> > +		 */
> What is the issue during this "time to recover"?
> Is errata information available from the vendor?

I didn't found errata documentation for this chip. But there is
"DP83TC81x, DP83TG72x Software Implementation Guide" SNLA404, describing
the need of reset each 100ms and PHY Reset + PHY Initialization
sequences:
https://www.ti.com/lit/an/snla404/snla404.pdf

So far, i was not able to find any justification for this delay, except
it helped to reduce amount of PHY resets. 
-- 
Pengutronix e.K.                           |                             |
Steuerwalder Str. 21                       | http://www.pengutronix.de/  |
31137 Hildesheim, Germany                  | Phone: +49-5121-206917-0    |
Amtsgericht Hildesheim, HRA 2686           | Fax:   +49-5121-206917-5555 |

Re: [RFC net-next v1 2/2] net. phy: dp83tg720: Add randomized polling intervals for unstable link detection

[Oleksij Rempel]

Hi Andrew,

On Wed, Nov 27, 2024 at 04:37:49PM +0100, Andrew Lunn wrote:
> On Wed, Nov 27, 2024 at 02:10:11PM +0100, Oleksij Rempel wrote:
> > Address the limitations of the DP83TG720 PHY, which cannot reliably detect or
> > report a stable link state. To handle this, the PHY must be periodically reset
> > when the link is down. However, synchronized reset intervals between the PHY
> > and its link partner can result in a deadlock, preventing the link from
> > re-establishing.
> > 
> > This change introduces a randomized polling interval when the link is down to
> > desynchronize resets between link partners.
> 
> Hi Oleksij
> 
> What other solutions did you try? I'm wondering if this is more
> complex than it needs to be. Could you add a random delay in
> dp83tg720_read_status() when it decides to do a reset?

Yes, this would be possible, but there are multiple reasons I decided to
go this way:
- in link down case, it is better to increase polling frequency, it
  allows to reduce link up time.
- there are PHYs, for example an integrated to LAN9372 which supports
  only link down interrupt. As long as link is down, it should be
  polled.
- i'm working on generic PHY stats support and PHYs need to be polled,
  even with IRQ support, just less frequently.

I can add it to the commit message.

-- 
Pengutronix e.K.                           |                             |
Steuerwalder Str. 21                       | http://www.pengutronix.de/  |
31137 Hildesheim, Germany                  | Phone: +49-5121-206917-0    |
Amtsgericht Hildesheim, HRA 2686           | Fax:   +49-5121-206917-5555 |

Re: [RFC net-next v1 2/2] net. phy: dp83tg720: Add randomized polling intervals for unstable link detection

[Andrew Lunn]

On Thu, Nov 28, 2024 at 09:07:14AM +0100, Oleksij Rempel wrote:
> Hi Andrew,
> 
> On Wed, Nov 27, 2024 at 04:37:49PM +0100, Andrew Lunn wrote:
> > On Wed, Nov 27, 2024 at 02:10:11PM +0100, Oleksij Rempel wrote:
> > > Address the limitations of the DP83TG720 PHY, which cannot reliably detect or
> > > report a stable link state. To handle this, the PHY must be periodically reset
> > > when the link is down. However, synchronized reset intervals between the PHY
> > > and its link partner can result in a deadlock, preventing the link from
> > > re-establishing.
> > > 
> > > This change introduces a randomized polling interval when the link is down to
> > > desynchronize resets between link partners.
> > 
> > Hi Oleksij
> > 
> > What other solutions did you try? I'm wondering if this is more
> > complex than it needs to be. Could you add a random delay in
> > dp83tg720_read_status() when it decides to do a reset?
> 
> Yes, this would be possible, but there are multiple reasons I decided to
> go this way:
> - in link down case, it is better to increase polling frequency, it
>   allows to reduce link up time.
> - there are PHYs, for example an integrated to LAN9372 which supports
>   only link down interrupt. As long as link is down, it should be
>   polled.
> - i'm working on generic PHY stats support and PHYs need to be polled,
>   even with IRQ support, just less frequently.
> 
> I can add it to the commit message.

Yes, more justification would be good.

In general, we try to hide workarounds for broken devices in the
driver, not expose it to all drivers. Variable rate polling, and
polling even when interrupt are enabled does however sound
useful. Cable testing might also be able to use it.

	Andrew